LIST OF SUCCULENT PLANTS
Agave americana 'Marginata'
Agave atrovirens
Agave attenuata
Agave sisalana
Aloe arborescens
Aloe bainesii
Aloe ciliaris
Aloe saponaria
Cereus uruguayanus
Cereus uruguayanus 'Monstruosus'
Crassula argentea
Euphorbia canariensis
Euphorbia ingens
Euphorbia milii
Euphorbia pulcherrima
Euphorbia tirucalli
Furcraea foetida
Hylocereus undatus
Kalanchoe daigremontiana
Kalanchoe tomentosa
Kalanchoe tubiflora
Opuntia ficus-indica
Opuntia lindheimeri
Opuntia littoralis
Opuntia maxima
Opuntia monacantha
Opuntia paraguayensis
Portulacaria afra
Sansevieria aethiopica
Sansevieria cylindrica
Sansevieria hyacinthoides
Sansevieria metallica
Sansevieria senegambica
Sansevieria stuckyi
Sansevieria trifasciata
Sansevieria trifasciata 'Hahnii'
Sansevieria trifasciata 'Laurentii'
Yucca aloifolia
Yucca aloifolia 'Marginata'
Yucca elephantipes
Yucca treculeana
Friday, 8 May 2009
RHODODENDRON OF SIKKIM HIMALAYAS
Checklist
1. Rhododendron anthopogon D.Don
2. Rhododendron arboreum Smith
3. Rhododendron arboreum var. album ( R. cambelliae Hook.f.) Wall.
4. Rhododendron arboreum var. cinnamomum Wall.ex. D.Don.
5. Rhododendron barbatum Wallich ex.D. Don
6. Rhododendron barbatum var. smithii (Nuttall ex Hook) C. B Clarke
7. Rhododendron camelliaeflorum Hook.f.
8. Rhododendron campanutatum (R. aeruginosum Hook.f.) D. Don
9. Rhododendron campanutatum var wallichi (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
10. Rhododendron camphylocarpum Hook f.
11. Rhododendron ciliatum Hooker f.
12. Rhododendron cinnabarinum Hook f.
13. Rhododendron dalhousiea Hook f.
14. Rhododendron edgeworthii hook. f.
15. Rhododendron falconeri Hook. f.
16. Rhododendron fulgens Hook. f.
17. Rhododendron glaucum Rehder (R. glaucoma Hook. f.)
18. Rhododendron graude (R. argenteum Hook. f.) Wight.
19. Rhododendron griffithianum Wight: R aucklandii Hook. f.
20. Rhododendron hodgsoni Hook. f.
21. Rhododendron lepidotum Wall.ex D. Don : R. salignum
22. Rhododendron lepidotum var elaeagnoides Hook. f.:
R elaeagnoides Hook .f
23. Rhododendron lepidotum var obevatum ( Hook. f.) Hook. f. R. obevatum Hook. f.
24. Rhododendron maddeni Hook. f.
25. Rhododendron nivale Hook. f.
26. Rhododendron pendulum Hook. f.
27. Rhododendron pumilum Hook. f.
28. Rhododendron setosum D. Don.
29. Rhododendron thomsonii Hook. f.
30. Rhododendron triflorum Hook. f.
31. Rhododendron vaccinioides Hook. f.
32. Rhododendron virgatum Hook. f.
1. Rhododendron anthopogon D.Don
2. Rhododendron arboreum Smith
3. Rhododendron arboreum var. album ( R. cambelliae Hook.f.) Wall.
4. Rhododendron arboreum var. cinnamomum Wall.ex. D.Don.
5. Rhododendron barbatum Wallich ex.D. Don
6. Rhododendron barbatum var. smithii (Nuttall ex Hook) C. B Clarke
7. Rhododendron camelliaeflorum Hook.f.
8. Rhododendron campanutatum (R. aeruginosum Hook.f.) D. Don
9. Rhododendron campanutatum var wallichi (Hook.f.) Hook.f.
10. Rhododendron camphylocarpum Hook f.
11. Rhododendron ciliatum Hooker f.
12. Rhododendron cinnabarinum Hook f.
13. Rhododendron dalhousiea Hook f.
14. Rhododendron edgeworthii hook. f.
15. Rhododendron falconeri Hook. f.
16. Rhododendron fulgens Hook. f.
17. Rhododendron glaucum Rehder (R. glaucoma Hook. f.)
18. Rhododendron graude (R. argenteum Hook. f.) Wight.
19. Rhododendron griffithianum Wight: R aucklandii Hook. f.
20. Rhododendron hodgsoni Hook. f.
21. Rhododendron lepidotum Wall.ex D. Don : R. salignum
22. Rhododendron lepidotum var elaeagnoides Hook. f.:
R elaeagnoides Hook .f
23. Rhododendron lepidotum var obevatum ( Hook. f.) Hook. f. R. obevatum Hook. f.
24. Rhododendron maddeni Hook. f.
25. Rhododendron nivale Hook. f.
26. Rhododendron pendulum Hook. f.
27. Rhododendron pumilum Hook. f.
28. Rhododendron setosum D. Don.
29. Rhododendron thomsonii Hook. f.
30. Rhododendron triflorum Hook. f.
31. Rhododendron vaccinioides Hook. f.
32. Rhododendron virgatum Hook. f.
Sikkim Rhododendrons
The major rhododendron wealth were exposed from north eastern Himalayas with the coming out of the works of Sir Joseph Hooker by 1850 a document having descriptions on magnificent Sikkim rhododendrons. It was during 1849 and 1850 when Sir Joseph Hooker's routed to Sikkim in the eastern Himalayas discovering as many as forty-five new species like yellow-flowered R. campylocarpum and R. wightii; the red-flowered R. thomsonii; the small trees, R. falconeri, R. grande, and R. hodgsonii, with their enormous leaves; the epiphytes, R. dalhousiae and R. maddenii; the large vigorous R. griffithianum with massive white flowers; and the interesting R. triflorum, R. edgeworthii, R. fulgens, R. niveum, R. wallichii, R. lanatum, R. glaucophyllum, R. cinnabarinum, and R. lepidotum.
List of Sikkim Rhododendrons:
R. aeruginosum
R. anthopogon
R.arboreum
R. baileyi
R. barbatum
R. camelliiflorum
R. campanulatum
R. campylocarpum
R. ciliatum
R.cinnabarium
R. dalhousiae
R. decipiens
R. edgeworthii
R. falconeri
R. fulgens
R. fulgens
R. galucophyllum
R. grande
R. griffithianum
R. hodgsonii
R. lanatum
R. lepidotum
R. leptocarpum
R. lindleyi
R. maddenii
R. nivale
R. niveum
R. pendulum
R. pumilum
R. setosum
R. sikkimense
R. thomsonii
R. triflorum
R. vaccinioides
R. virgatum
R. wallichi
R. wightii
R. griffithianum
R. hodgsonii
R. lanatum
R. lepidotum
R. leptocarpum
R. lindleyi
R. maddenii
R. nivale
R. niveum
R. pendulum
R. pumilum
R. setosum
R. sikkimense
R. thomsonii
R. triflorum
R. vaccinioides
R. virgatum
R. wallichi
R. wightii
Thursday, 7 May 2009
Rhododendron Griffithianum
Rhododendron Griffithianum, Wight;
var. Aucklandii
Rhododendron Griffithianum; glaberrimum, foliis sublonge petiolatis lineari-oblongis ovato-oblongisve utrinque acutis v. basi subcordatis subtus pallidis, floribus corymbosis, calyce lato disciformi margine crenato v. 5-lobo, corolla campanulata 5-lobo, lobis rotundatis bifidis, staminibus sub-16, antheris parvis, ovario sub-12-loculari glanduloso, capsula brevi obtusa.
Var. a; foliis 4-pollicaribus utrinque acutis, floribus 3 poll. latis.
Rhododendron Griffithianum. Wight, Ic. Plant. Ind. Or. v. 4. i. 1203. Hook. fl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. v. 7. pp. 77, 93.
Var. b; foliis 6-12-pollicaribus basi obtusis cordatisve, floribus 6-7 poll. latis.
Rhododendron Aucklandii. Hook. fil. Sikkim Rhod. t. 11.
This magnificent plant, which from the great expanse of its snowy-white corollas is in some respects the finest of the genus, was introduced by Dr. Hooker from the Sikkim Himalaya in 1849, and flowered at the nursery of Mr. Gaines, at Wandsworth, in May of the present year. It was originally found in Bhotan by Mr. Griffith, where specimens are however so inferior, both in foliage and flowers, to the Sikkim ones, that the figure given of them by Dr. Wight in his invaluable ' Icones ' can scarcely be recognized as belonging to the same species. In Sikkim, however, two states of the species occur, one with much smaller flowers than the other, and it was at first doubted by Dr. Hooker, whether the gigantic-flowered state figured here and in his 'Sikkim Rhododendrons,' was not a sterile form. Such, however, appears not to be the case, for Mr. Gaines's plant produced abundance of pollen, and his specimen differs in no respect from Dr. Hooker's plate, except in the paler anthers, greener petioles, and in wanting the rose-coloured hue and spots on the calyx.
Descr. A shrub, four to eight feet high, branching from the base. Leaves spreading, six to twelve inches long, linear-oblong, acute or acuminate, subcordate at the base, of a fine bright-green edged with pale-yellow, coriaceous and firm. Flowers four to six, in terminal corymbose racemes, long-peduncled, very large, sometimes seven inches across. Calyx discoid, coriaceous, obscurely lobed. Corolla campanulate, with a short tube and open limb, five-lobed ; lobes bifid. Stamens about sixteen, with glabrous filaments and small anthers. Ovary glandular, about twelve-celled. Capsule short, blunt, woody.
August 1st, 1858
Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Calyx and pistil. 3. Transverse section of ovary:— nil magnified.
Curtis's Botanical Magazine Nº 5065, Vol LXXXIV (1858)
var. Aucklandii
Rhododendron Griffithianum; glaberrimum, foliis sublonge petiolatis lineari-oblongis ovato-oblongisve utrinque acutis v. basi subcordatis subtus pallidis, floribus corymbosis, calyce lato disciformi margine crenato v. 5-lobo, corolla campanulata 5-lobo, lobis rotundatis bifidis, staminibus sub-16, antheris parvis, ovario sub-12-loculari glanduloso, capsula brevi obtusa.
Var. a; foliis 4-pollicaribus utrinque acutis, floribus 3 poll. latis.
Rhododendron Griffithianum. Wight, Ic. Plant. Ind. Or. v. 4. i. 1203. Hook. fl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. v. 7. pp. 77, 93.
Var. b; foliis 6-12-pollicaribus basi obtusis cordatisve, floribus 6-7 poll. latis.
Rhododendron Aucklandii. Hook. fil. Sikkim Rhod. t. 11.
This magnificent plant, which from the great expanse of its snowy-white corollas is in some respects the finest of the genus, was introduced by Dr. Hooker from the Sikkim Himalaya in 1849, and flowered at the nursery of Mr. Gaines, at Wandsworth, in May of the present year. It was originally found in Bhotan by Mr. Griffith, where specimens are however so inferior, both in foliage and flowers, to the Sikkim ones, that the figure given of them by Dr. Wight in his invaluable ' Icones ' can scarcely be recognized as belonging to the same species. In Sikkim, however, two states of the species occur, one with much smaller flowers than the other, and it was at first doubted by Dr. Hooker, whether the gigantic-flowered state figured here and in his 'Sikkim Rhododendrons,' was not a sterile form. Such, however, appears not to be the case, for Mr. Gaines's plant produced abundance of pollen, and his specimen differs in no respect from Dr. Hooker's plate, except in the paler anthers, greener petioles, and in wanting the rose-coloured hue and spots on the calyx.
Descr. A shrub, four to eight feet high, branching from the base. Leaves spreading, six to twelve inches long, linear-oblong, acute or acuminate, subcordate at the base, of a fine bright-green edged with pale-yellow, coriaceous and firm. Flowers four to six, in terminal corymbose racemes, long-peduncled, very large, sometimes seven inches across. Calyx discoid, coriaceous, obscurely lobed. Corolla campanulate, with a short tube and open limb, five-lobed ; lobes bifid. Stamens about sixteen, with glabrous filaments and small anthers. Ovary glandular, about twelve-celled. Capsule short, blunt, woody.
August 1st, 1858
Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Calyx and pistil. 3. Transverse section of ovary:— nil magnified.
Curtis's Botanical Magazine Nº 5065, Vol LXXXIV (1858)
Rhododendron lepidotum
Rhododendron lepidotum; fruticulus ramosus, totus lepidotus, squamulis albidis ferrugineisve, foliis obovatis lanceolatis oblongisve apiculatis breve petiolatis pallide viridibus, pedunculia terminalibus solitariis 2-3-nisve erectis, sepalis 5 foliaceis obtusis, corollae flavidae v. purpureas tubo brevi inflate lobis patentibus late ovatis, staminibus 8 filamentis ciliatis, ovario 5-loculari, stigmate brevi decurvo. Hook. fl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. v. 7. pp. 80, 104.
Rhododendron lepidotum. Wall. Cat. n. 768. Don, Gard. Dict. v. 3. р. 845. De Сand. Prodr. v. 7. p. 724. Royle, Ill. p. 260. t. 64. f. l. Hook. fil. in Sikkim Rhod. Conspect. p. 6.
Rhododendron elaeagnoides et R. salignum. Hook. fil. Sikkim Rhod. t. 23, right hand fig. 1, 2, and left hand fig. 1.
Rhododendron obovatum. Hook.fil. Sikkim Rhod. Conspect. Spec. p. 6.
The purple-flowered state of this very variable species of Rhododendron blossomed freely in April, 1852, in a cool greenhouse of the Royal Gardens. The seeds were sent from Sikkim-Himalaya by Dr. Hooker, under the name of R. elaeagnoides, and as such this is figured in the work on the Rhododendrons, with dark purple flowers, and also with deep yellow flowers, looking like those of some Helianthemum. In that work, however, the author alludes to its close affinity, as well as that of R. salignum, with the R. lepidotum of Wallich (only known to us from dried specimens) ; and a further examination has satisfied him that they and his R. obovatum can in no way be specifically distinguished from authentic specimens of lepidotum. He has therefore, in the 'Journal of the Horticultural Society of London' united them.
"The species abounds," Dr. Hooker says, " at an elevation of Eastern Himalaya of from 14,000 to 15,000 feet; but may be found as low down as 8000 feet, in moist valleys, forming a stout tortuous stock : the branches, as thick as a crow's quill, rather scattered, bearing tufts of branchlets at the top. It is a slender or stout twiggy shrub, one to four feet high, branching, often growing in widely extended clumps, as heather does with us, but never so extensively ; and it emits in sunshine a powerful resinous odour. Leaves of a pale glaucous green, lighter underneath, and sometimes ferruginous where the scales abound, one- half to one and a half inch long. Flower-stalks more or less elongated, one and a half to two inches long, slender. Corolla yellow or dirty purple, half an inch across the lobes, scaly, especially on the outside of the tube ; the upper lobes are spotted with green.—The odour of this plant is strongly resinous, and rather sweetish and pleasant. Its common native name is Tsaluma, or Tsuma, amongst the Bhoteas." Hook.fl.
Curtis's Botanical Magazine Nº 4657 Vol LXXVIII (1852)
From Sir J. D. Hooker’s Diary
The Singalila Range, forming the political boundary between Sikkim and Nepal, springs from Khangchendzonga and extends southwards to the plans of Bengal. The super abundance of rhododendrons is the glory of the Singalila Range. The banks of rivers between 8000 and 14000 feet are generally covered with rhododendrons sometimes to the total exclusion of other wooded vegetation, especially near the snowy mountain, a cool temperature and great humidity being the most favourable conditions for the luxurious growth of this genus. Such conditions prevailing throughout the Singalila range due to its proximity with the Khangchendzonga range. The Nepal frontier road terminates at the staging bungalow of Chewabhanjan, and from thence the only path available for marching is the sheep path running onwards to the grazing grounds which lie towards Jongri. The only large trees existing in the country traveled over are Abies densa, Juniperus pseudo-Sabina, and Juniperus recurva. The silver fir extends to 13,000 feet, the junipers to 15,000 feet. Where the former is only a small, stunted, weather worn tree, the other, a prostrate, intricately branched shrub. For many miles the path runs through woods of Rhododendron arboreum, Rhododendron cinnabarinum, Rhododendron falconeri, Rhododendron barbatum, Rhododendron campanulatum, and Rhododendron hodgsoni, Acer caudatum, Betula utilis, Pieris ovalifolia, Prunus rufa, Pyrus foliolosa, P. macrophylla etc. Here also are seen the last examples of the bamboo tribe, Arundinaria spathiflora and A. racemosa, a small variety not exceeding a height of three feet. The upper limit of these bamboos is 13,000 feet, from thence upwards only small tufted species of grasses abound. The shrubby vegetation already enumerated grows so densely that few herbaceous plants can exist beneath it. Beautifully green moss carpets the boulders, an Saxifraga ligulata, Potentilla, Clintonia, Polygonum, and two species of ferns are the commonest plants. On open knolls which occur but rarely, Gaultheria nummularia, small willows, and the heather like Cassiope fastigata cover the ground with their dense growths. Towards the termination of the range rhododendrons and other shrubs grow sparsely, thus favouring the existence of a greater variety of herbaceous plants, primroses become more abundant, the prevalent species being the water loving Primula sikkimensis and Primula reticulata, and also those growing on dry ground, such as Primula stuartii and Primula denticulata.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
