Ipomoea indica

Curtis's Botanical magazine Vol 68 nº 3928
Illustrated from the greenhouse of Mr. Curtis at Glazenwood Nursery. Native of Buenos Ayres, sent by Mr. Mandeville, British minister in that country to the Hon. W. F. Strangways. At Mr Knight's Nursery, King's Road, Chelsea, a fine plant of this, forty feet in length, produced no less than sixty thousand flowers, expanding successively, from three to eight hundred a day.

Mr. Lear's Gaybine. Surely nobody ever called this Gaybine, Morning Glory is the universal name of this plant and its tribe, a name that has endured the many changes to the binomial listed below. Mr Lear's it is no longer, and according to Lindley in Edward's Botanical register of 1841, it never was. Lear was supposed to have sent seeds to Knight's nursery from Ceylon. In fact as we are told by Hooker this plant was obtained from Brazil.

Lindley gives an enthusiastic description of the plant which was the sensation of the season, grown in all collections of new plants. Its extreme ease of propagation must have helped with its popularity, but there is no doubt that it was highly regarded, despite its propensities to imitate its weedy cousins, the bind weeds.

This plant has become invasive In mild climates where the tuberous roots survive the winter. R. T. Lowe in his Manual Flora of Madeira predicted that, grown in gardens all over Funchal, it was about to "naturalise."

Ipomoea indica (Burm.) Merr.

Listed at Monserrate in 1870

Ipomœa Learii drapes the whole summit of the wall with its great bells of deepest azure.

Fosberg (Bot. Not. 129: 35-38. 1976) has sorted out the complicated nomenclature for this pantropical species and established that Ipomoea indica is the correct name for it.

Synonyms
Convolvulus acuminatus Vahl
Convolvulus bogotensis Kunth
Convolvulus congestus (R. Br.) Spreng.
Convolvulus indicus Burm.
*Convolvulus mollis Kunth
Convolvulus mollis Meisn.
*Convolvulus mollis Kunth
Convolvulus mutabilis (Ker Gawl.) Spreng.
Convolvulus portoricensis Spreng.
!Ipomoea acuminata (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.
*Ipomoea amoena Blume
Ipomoea cataractae Endl.
Ipomoea cathartica Poir.
Ipomoea congesta R. Br.
Ipomoea dealbata (M. Martens & Galeotti) Hemsl.
Ipomoea insularis (Choisy) Steud.
Ipomoea kiuninsularis Masam.
Ipomoea learii Knight ex Paxton
Ipomoea mitchellae Standl.
Ipomoea mollis (Kunth) G. Don
!Ipomoea mutabilis Ker Gawl.
*Ipomoea mutabilis Lindl.
Ipomoea portoricensis (Spreng.) G. Don
Ipomoea vahliana House
Parasitipomoea formosana Hayata
Pharbitis acuminata (Vahl) Choisy
Pharbitis bogotensis (Kunth) Choisy
Pharbitis cathartica (Poir.) Choisy
Pharbitis dealbata M. Martens & Galeotti
Pharbitis heterosepala Benth.
Pharbitis indica (Burm.) R.C. Fang
Pharbitis insularis Choisy
Pharbitis learii (Knight ex Paxton) Lindl.
Pharbitis medians Choisy
Pharbitis mollis (Kunth) Choisy

Convolvulus indicus Burm. Herbarii Amboinensis Auctuarium 7 (Index Universalis): 6. 1755. (Basionym)
Ipomoea learii Knight ex Paxton Paxton's Magazine of Botany 6: 267. 1839.
Pharbitis learii (Knight ex Paxton) Lindl.
Edwards's Botanical Register 27:pl. 56. 1841.
Pharbitis indica (Burm.) R.C. Fang Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae 64(1): 105. 1979.

Tacsonia, Nice 1860

Voici maintenant ce qu'un amateur niçois, M. le baron Prost, nous apprend au sujet de la culture de divers Tacsonia, en plein air. Sa notice extraite de la Revue de Nice (numéro du 1er novembre 1860) est reproduite par le journal anglais, [Gardeners' Chronicle] et c'est de ce dernier que nous emprunterons les passages suivants :

« Les quelques Tacsonia dont j'ai à parler ici, dit M. Prost, sont de charmantes espèces grimpantes, très-voisines, comme on sait, des Passiflores. Elles ont été apportées de la Nouvelle-Grenade, du Pérou et du Chili, et quoique bien connues des savants, les horticulteurs qui, sous les climats du Nord, ne les voient fleurir qu'en serre chaude, ne se doutent pas de l'effet qu'elles produisent lorsqu'elles viennent en toute liberté sous un climat qui leur convient. Elles ont trouvé ce climat à Nice, où déjà les Tacsonia manicata et mollissima commencent à être populaires. Le Tacsonia ignea, magnifique plante à fleurs écarlates et la plus belle du genre, est celle qui étonne le plus les amateurs par sa splendide floraison, sa vigueur et la verdure lustrée de son feuillage. Elle croît avec une rapidité extraordinaire; en très-peu de jours elle couvre de vastes surfaces sur les murs ou sur les treillages, et lorsqu'elle est à bonne exposition, elle fleurit d'un bout de l'année à l'autre. Le Tacsonia splendens est très-voisin de ignea, et pourrait être confondu avec lui s'il ne s'en distinguait par un feuillage d'un vert glauque et foncé. Le Tacsonia mollissima se fait remarquer par la longueur du tube de son calice, et le brillant coloris rosé de ses pétales, légèrement teintés d'amaranthe; il fleurit abondamment et est d'une élégance parfaite. Le manicata a les fleurs d'un rouge aussi vif que celles du Pelargonium zonale, avec les étamines d'un pourpre noir, ce qui fait un singulier effet. C'est une plante vigoureuse, à feuillage épais, et dont les fleurs rappellent d'assez près celles du Tacsonia ignea, mais avec une teinte plus foncée. Quant au Tacsonia pinnatistipula, ses fleurs sont d'un blanc pur, et si nombreuses, qu'on croirait, à une certaine distance, voir une plante couverte de neige. Une dernière espèce est encore cultivée dans les jardins de Nice : c'est le Tacsonia Helleri, qu'on dit être aussi une plante fort méritante, mais que je n'ai pas encore vue fleurir.

« Ces différentes Passiflorées ont jusqu'à présent été multipliées de boutures, mais ce qui parle haut en faveur du climat niçois, c'est que celles qui y ont fleuri ont mûri leurs graines. Il en est de même de l'Ipomoean Learii, superbe Convolvulácée qui se propage à Nice par ce dernier moyen, et dont on peut voir en ce moment de très-beaux échantillons dans les jardins de M. Stuart, à la villa Stuart.»
On peut juger par ce qui précède que le climat de Nice n'est pas très-inférieur à celui d'Alger. Peu de localités en Europe conviendraient mieux pour l'établissement d'un jardin botanique universel.

Villa Victoria, Cannes 1873

Thomas Robinson Woolfield wrote to the Journal of Horticulture and Cottage Gardener, on the 30th January, 1873.

He reports that his Eucalyptus globulus, sown in March, 1862, had now attained the height of fifty-five feet, with a girth of four feet. He sold to leaves and small branches to be distilled at 2s. 4d. per cwt.

He added the following list of flowering plants from his garden:

Abutilon Duc de Malakoff
Thompsoni
venosum
vexillarium
Acacia dealbata
lophantha
myriobotrya
ovata
Achanea africana
Agathaea coelestis
Ageratum mexicanum
Anemones
Bignonia capensis
Bellis perennis
Calendula officinalis
Callistemon viminale
Calycanthus praecox
Capraria lanceolata
Carnations
Cassia australis
tormentosa
Ceanothus azureus
dentatus
Cestrum auranticum
Chorozema ilicifolium
nanum
Chrysanthemum frutescens Comtesse de Chambord
and the yellow variety
Citrus Bigaradia
Coabaea scandens
Correa alba
cardinalis
rosea
Cuphaea emines
platycentra
Cyclamens
Dahlia arborea
Delairea scandens
Eriobotrya japonica
Eriocephalus aromaticus
Eucalyptus globulus
Eupatorium grandiflorum album
micranthum
Grevillea pumica splendens
rosmarinifolia
Thelmanni
Habrothamnus auranticum
elegans
fasiculatus
Hakea eucalyptoides
Victoria
Heliotropes
Iberis semperflorens
Iochroma coccinea
Tonelliana
tubulosa
Warscewiczii
Ionopsidium acaule
acaule alba
Irises
Jasminum nudiflorum
Kennedya ovata
ovata alba
ovata lilacina
Lantana delicatissima
Lavandula dentata
Libonia floribunda
Linum tigrinum
Lopezia miniata
Lycium afrum
Mahonias
Myoporum parvifolium
Narcissus
Nemophila alba
insignis
Nicotianas
Osmanthus fragrans
Osteospermum moniliferum
Oxalis versicolor
Pansies
Phlox Drummondii
Pimelea deussata
Polygala Dalmaisiana
grandiflora
Primula sinensis
Reseda odorata
Ribes speciosum
Rosmarinus officinalis
Ruscus
Salvia eriocalyx
gesneraeflora
princeps
sylvestris
Sparmannia africana
Stenia salicifolia
Tacsonia ignea
manicata
mollissima
Templetonia glauca
Teucrium fruticans
Tussilago suaveolens
Veronicas
Violas

Tacsonia ignea

Tacsonia manicata
Paxton, Flower Garden Displayed

A magnificent terrace extends along the whole front of the palacio, and is formed by a high wall, built on the steep slope of the lawn, and surmounted by a handsome balustrade, little, however, of which can be seen for the profusion of beautiful climbers, which cover the wall and intertwine with the balusters, so as to form a floral drapery of exceeding loveliness. Amongst these climbers, chief in beauty, was Tacsonia ignea, a plant which, as far as I have been able to ascertain, is not found in our gardens. Its flowers are the same bright colour as our Tom-Thumb geraniums, and the effect of thousands of them, thickly scattered over the thick drapery of thick dark green foliage, was beautiful in the extreme.

Tacsonia ignea hort. ex Mast.
Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 27: 629. 1871.

The Gardeners' Chronicle uses this name interchangeably with Tacsonia manicata

L. H. Bailey, 1919, THE STANDARD CYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE
Passiflora manicata, Pers. (P. ignea, Hort. Tacsonia manicata, Juss.). RED PASSION-VINE. Fig. 2775. St. nearly terete, finely pale-pubescent: Ivs. coriaceous, 3-lobed to about the middle, finely serrate, the lobes broad- oblong, pale beneath; stipules ovate, 1 in. across, notched, clasping: fls. solitary on slender axillary pedun- cles, brilliant scarlet, 4 in. across; perianth-tube 3^m. long, inflated and 10-ribbed at base; outer corona of many short blue filaments, some of which surround the column; inner corona of an inflexed membrane: fr. egg-shaped or almost globular, yellow-green, the skin thick; seeds many in a thin pulp. Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. B.M. 6129. G.F. 7:265 (from which Fig. 2775 is reduced). R.H. 1903:356. This plant seems to be grown with difficulty in greenhouses, but it is at home in the open in S. Calif., climbing into the tops of trees and blooming profusely, making a brilliant display. It grows with great vigor and rapidity, renewing itself freely from seeds.

Palms: Lisbon, 1854

De palmeiras os nossos jardins nao possuiam mais do que a palmeira das igrejas (Phoenix dactylifera) e a muito nacional palmeira das vassoras (Chamaerops humilis). A collecção d'El-rei o senhor D. Femando veio alargar este estreito campo da observação, e nos fez conhecer perto de mais quarenta especies nos géneros Phoenix, Cocos, Jubaea, Latania, Sabal, Bactris, Chamaedorea, Corypha, Diplothemium, Saribus, Rhapis, Borassus, Drymopalaeus, Acrocomia, Piranga, Ceroxylon, Qualielma, Daemonorops, Copernicia, Astrocaryon, Caryota, Attalea e Geonoma. Entre as especies destes géneros figurava o coco da praia dos brazileiros (Diplothemium maritimum); o Ceroxylon andícola, notavel pela quantidade de materia gorda que accumula na base das folhas ; o Borassus flabelliformis, e a Corypha gebanga, palmeiras do maior prestimo na Asia, pelo succo sacharino e licor fermentado que fornecem, pela materia feculenta que Ihes aproveitam do tronco, as cordagens, tecidos e variados utensilios, que se fabricam com as suas folhas. Podia igualmente ver-se entre as palmeiras d'El-rei um coqueiro (Cocos nucifera) bem desinvolvido e pegado ao coco, de que nascera; era da quinta das Larangeiras do snr. Conde de Farrobo, (donde tambem veio uma outra palmeira, que se pensa ser do genero Acrocomia.

Acrocomia
Astrocaryon
Attalea
Bactris
Borassus - Borassus flabelliformis
Caryota
Ceroxylon - Ceroxylon andícola
Chamaedorea
Chamaerops humilis
Cocos - Cocos nucifera
Copernicia
Corypha - Corypha gebanga
Daemonorops
Diplothemium - Diplothemium maritimum
Drymopalaeus
Geonoma
Jubaea - Jubaea chilensis
Latania - Latania borbonica
Phoenix - Phoenix dactylifera
Piranga
Qualielma
Rhapis
Sabal
Saribus

Acrocomia aculeata

Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.

Acrocomia mexicana Karw. ex Mart.

In imperio mexicano prope Teoxomulco tria hujas palmae insignis specimina observarit, mense Oct 1828
Collector and Number: Karwinsky s.n.
Distribution: Mexico (Veracruz)

Acrocomia sclerocarpa Mart. nom. illeg. superfl.
Historia Naturalis Palmarum 2(3): 66-68, t. 56-57. 1824.

Other synonyms:

Acrocomia antiguana L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia antioquensis Posada-Arango
Acrocomia belizensis L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia christopherensis L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia chunta Covas & Ragonese
Acrocomia erioacantha Barb. Rodr.
Acrocomia fusiformis (Sw.) Sweet
Acrocomia glaucophylla Drude
Acrocomia grenadana L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia hospes L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia ierensis L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia intumescens Drude
Acrocomia karukerana L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia lasiospatha Mart.
Acrocomia media O.F. Cook
Acrocomia mexicana Karw. ex Mart.
Acrocomia microcarpa Barb. Rodr.
Acrocomia mokayayba Barb. Rodr.
Acrocomia odorata Barb. Rodr.
Acrocomia panamensis L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia pilosa León
Acrocomia quisqueyana L.H. Bailey
*Acrocomia sclerocarpa Mart.
Acrocomia sclerocarpa var. wallaceana Drude
Acrocomia spinosa (Mill.) H.E. Moore
Acrocomia subinermis León ex L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia totai Mart.
Acrocomia ulei Dammer
Acrocomia viegasii L.H. Bailey
Acrocomia vinifera Oerst.
Acrocomia wallaceana (Drude) Becc.
Bactris globosa Gaertn.
Cocos aculeatus Jacq.
Cocos fusiformis Sw.
Palma spinosa Mill.

See Henderson, A., G. Galeano & R. Bernal 1995. Field Guide Palms Americas 1–352.

Acanthophoenix rubra

Acanthophoenix rubra (Bory) H. Wendl.
Mauritius and Réunion, Indian Ocean

Areca rubra
Listed by Carreiras & Azambuja 2001 as cultivated by Dom Fernando II at Necessidades.


Areca rubra Bory
Synonym of Acanthophoenix rubra (Bory) H. Wendl.
First described as Areca rubra by French naturalist Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent in 1804 and classified by German botanist Hermann Wendland in its own genus Acanthophoenix in 1867.

Areca rubra requires a continuous high temperature, and is impatient of cold draughts and excess of moisture.
The Magazine of Horticulture, Botany ... 1868