Hoary Alectryon = Terminalia canescens

From Philip Miller a later edition 1835

ALECTRYON (from allectryon, a cock in allusion to the wing of the fruit having a crest like a cock's comb).
Class 8, 1. Octandria Monogynia. Nat. Ord. Sapindaceae. Sect. 2 Dodonceceae.
The Characters are,—Berry coriaceous, globose, with a crest on one side, one-celled, one-seeded, seed erect, girded by an incomplete aril at the base ; embryo spirally convolute.

1. ALECTRYON EXCELSUM (Tall Alectryon). Fruit with a crested wing at the apex. This species is a tree or shrub, the native country of which is not known.

2. ALLECTRYON CANESCENS (Hoary Alectryon). D. C. prod. 1. p. 617. fruit edged around with a wing. In this species, which is a native of New Holland, on the eastern coast, the leaves are oblong, obtuse, and clothed with prubescence.

Mr. G. Don recommends (should these plants ever be introduced to our gardens), a mixture of loam and peat, or any light soil, and for cuttings, sand under a hand glass.

From IPNI.org:

Alectryon canescens DC.
Prodromus 1 1824

"in Novae-Hollandiae or? orientali." [given by N.Byrnes, Contr. Queensland Herb. 20 (1977) 20 as "Nouvelle Hollande, cote. (Neither the collector nor the exact locality could be ascertained). (G-DC)."].

Alectryon canescens DC.
This is Terminalia canescens (DC.) Radlk. (fide S.T.Reynolds, 1985).

http://www.chah.gov.au/chah/apc/interim/Sapindaceae.pdf

http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/5300

Sarah Featon - New Zealand Flora

Titoki. Alectryon excelsum.
1889
Sarah Featon 1848-1927
The Art Album of New Zealand Flora
printed by Bock & Cousins
Antique Print Room

Topitopi, titoki, titongi

TAYLOR, Richard, Te Ika a Maui; or, New Zealand and its inhabitants. Illustrating the origin, manners, customs, mythology, religion ... of the natives; together with the geology, natural history, productions, and climate of the country.
Wertheim and Macintosh, 1855, p. 445

Fam. Sapindacece.—Topitopi, titoki, titongi (alectryon excelsum) [Alectryon excelsus]. A very ornamental tree, with a glossy light green leaf. The fruit is also very beautiful, it bursts from its sheath like a bright red strawberry, with a shining black seed in the centre; the fruit is tart, though edible, and from the seed a fine oil is expressed. In the south, the fruit is called titoki, and the tree topitopi; it is considered a durable timber, and well adapted for ship-building.

Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences médicales
Amédée Dechambre, Raige-Delorme (Jacques)
Edição de Asselin, 1865, p. 731
ALECTRYON. Gaertner a donné ce nom à un genre de plantes de la Nouvelle-Zélande, dont on ne connaît qu'une espèce, l' A. excelsum. C'est une Sapindacée apétale à fleurs polygames 5-8 andres, et à ovaire trimère, dont deux loges avortent. Dans la loge fertile se trouve un ovule dressé. Le fruit est un akène, et la graine qu'il renferme s'entourant d'un arille hilaire qui prend bientôt un énorme accroissement, le péricarpe, pressé fortement par cet arille de dedans en dehors, ne peut pas toujours résister et se brise irrégulièrement. L'arille charnu, rouge et sapide, fait alors saillie an dehors. C'est lui qui est recherché pour sa saveur acidulé. Il a toutes les propriétés thérapeutiques des fruits rouges acides de notre pays, et peut devenir d'une précieuse ressource pour les navigateurs, dans son pays natal. H. Bn.

Gaertner, Fruct., I, 216, t. 46. — D. C., Prodrom., I. 617. — Hook., Icon., t. 740. — Endl. Gen.
B. et Hook. Fil.. Gen., 410.

MILLER, Philip, Miller's dictionary of gardening, botany, and agriculture; revised 1834, p. 133
ALECTRYON, Gaertner (from the Greek, "a cock," because the wing of the fruit has a crest like a cock's comb). Cock's-Crest. Octandria Monogynia, Linnaeus ; Sapindaceae, Jussieu. Flowers not known ; berry dry, one-celled, with the margin at the apex crested or winged; seed erect, without albumen, fixed to the base of the cell, and girded by an incomplete ring ; seed-lobes spirally convolute, with the radicle pointing downwards, as in Dodonaea.—De Cand. Prod. I. 617.

1. Tall Cock's Crest (A. excelsum, Gaertner). A tree or shrub with the fruit having a erested wing at the apex. Its native country and general characters have not yet been ascertained; propagation not known. Euonymoides excelsa, Solander.—D. C. Sp. 1.

2. Hoary Cock's Crest (A. canescens, De Candolle). A shrub or tree of the eastern coast of New Holland. The fruit is edged around with a wing; leaves oblong, blunt, very hairy; flowers in axillary clusters, which are of the same length as the leaves; fruit nearly like that of Sameraria; style attached on both sides to the wing of the fruit?; seed oblong, thick; propagation not known. D.C. Sp. 2 [A.C.]

[Alectryon excelsus]

Icones Plantarum Or Figures, with Brief Descriptive Characters and Remarks, of New Or Rare Plants

Fig. 1, 2. Flowers. /. 3. Branch of the panicle, with immature fruits. /. 4. Single fruit from ditto. /. 5. The same laid open. /. 6. Section of an immature seed : — magnified.

Hooker,William Jackson & Hooker, Joseph Dalton

Icones Plantarum: Or Figures, with Brief Descriptive Characters and Remarks, of New Or Rare Plants, Selected from the Author's Herbarium
Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longman, 1843, Tab. DLXX

Alectron excelsum DC.

Alectryon excelsum. Gaertn. Fruct. v. 1, p. 216, t. 46.

De Cand. Prodr. v. 1, p. 616.
All. Cunn. Fl. Nov. Zel. in Tayl. Ann. Nat. Hist. v. 3,p. 318.

Euonymoides excelsa. Sol. mst. in Herb. Banks.

Hab. N. Zealand, Northern Island. Sir Joseph Banks, 1769. Banks of rivers and harbours, frequently within range of the tide. Wangaroa, &c. A. and R. Cunningham. Bay of Islands. Dr. Dieffenbach. Mr. Colenso. " Tetohi " of the natives.

Folia alterne pinnata cum impari, foliolis petiolulatis oblongo- ovatis, acuminatis, integerrimis, subtus pubescen tibus. Panículœ axillares terminalesque. Flores parvi. Stamina intense rubra.

The ripe fruit of this rare and little known genus I have not seen ; but to judge from a drawing made on the spot, and given me by Dr. Dieffenbach, its shape is very similar to the more advanced ovaries, represented at our figure 3 : this capsule bursts on one side, and a black, round, shining seed is protruded, enveloped in a very large scarlet fleshy arillus, whence, in conjunction with the crested fruit, arises the generic name
a Cоck.

Bird's Eye!

Alectryon excelsus subsp.excelsus

Alectryon excelsus Gaertn., Fruct. 1:216 t.46 (1788).

Original det.: "Alectryon excelsum Gaertn. 1769 - 70". Ex BM

Collector:
J Banks, D C Solander

Many thanks for ID

Cupaniopsis anacardioides

Cupaniopsis anacardioides

Botanical Description: Slender evergreen tree, usually single trunked, to 10 m (33 ft)
tall, with dark gray outer bark and often orange inner bark (hence the common name).
Leaves alternate, once compound (usually even-pinnate), with petioles swollen at the
base; 4-12 leaflets, stalked, oblong, leathery, shiny yellowish green, to 20 cm (8 in) long
and 7.5 cm (3 in) wide, with margins entire and tips rounded or slightly indented.
Flowers numerous, white to greenish yellow, up to 0.8 cm (0.4 in) wide, in branched
clusters to 35 cm (14 in) long, at leaf axils; 5 petals; 6-8 stamens. Fruit a short-stalked,
woody capsule, to 2.2 cm (0.9 in) across, with 3 distinctly ridged segments, yelloworange
when ripe, drying to brown and splitting open to expose 3 shiny oval black seeds
covered by a yellow-red crust (aril).

The Monserrate plant has a single seed in the dehiscent fruit. Aril is pink. Midrib not as prominent, leaf apex pointed never notched.

Looking for Rhopala jonghii

Roupala, otherwise spelt by various authors Rhopala, Ropala, Rupala. (Nicholson's Dictionary, 1888).

What about this:

Stadmannia jonghii Linden
Cat. n. 17 (1862).
Linden, Jean Jules (1817-1898) ; nurseryman's catalogue

Or then there is this:

Vingt-sixième concours. — Plantes réunissant le plus de mérites parmi celles récemment introduites. — Prix : médaille de vermeil, à une magnifique bignoniacée à port de jacaranda et à feuillage ferrugineux, luisant, des rhopala.

Cette belle plante appartient à M. J. de Jonghe, de Bruxelles, et a été introduite directement par lui du Brésil. Ce même horticulteur avait exposé dans ce concours deux espèces de rhopala et une sapindacée également remarquables et introduites du Brésil.

Then there is the problem of the specific epiphet: Jonghii/Younghii/Youngii ???

It must commemorate M. de Jonghe, a horticulturist who was responsible for the introduction of numerous plants from Brazil.

Les deux lots conduits de Belgique dans le Palais de l'industrie, appartenaient à MM. Linden et de Jonghe, horticulteurs à Bruxelles. Il faut citer toutes les plantes de M. Linden, dont les unes ont été couronnées pour leurs grande beauté de port et de feuillage, les autres pour leur utilité, toutes pour leur nouveauté.

Introductions de 1853
Oreopanax lanigcrum
Simaruba versicolor .

Introductions de 1854
Rhopala Organensis
Ficus Leopoldi, admirable
Calyptraria verticillata,
Philodendron species nova
Putzeysia rosea (paniculata)
Espeletia argentea
Juglans Granadensis
Calyptraria haemantha
Lucuma mammosa, var. macrophylla .

Introductions de 1855.
Rhopala princeps
Olmedia ferox
Gustavia speciosa, admirable
Cascarilla grandiflora
Brownea macrophylla
Vinnia caparosa
Philodendron signatum
Maranta Pardina
Tillandsia Ocanensis
Cinchona Condaminea
Calophyllum madruno
Drynia Mexicana
Lucuma sphaerocarpa
Condaminea Ibaguensis

Une médaille d'or a été donnée aux végétaux d'agrément et une médaille d'argent de 1re classe aux plantes utiles.

Les plantes de M. de Jonghe, introduites du Brésil par les soins dé cet horticulteur, étaient aussi très méritantes par le port, le feuillage et la nouveauté. Il a été accordé particulièrement à la collection de Broméliacées uns médaille en vermeil. Il semble difficile de se rendre bien clairement compte du motif qui a fait excepter des récompenses les autres plantes de cet introducteur. Serait-ce par un oubli ?...

Les plus belles et les plus rares des Broméliacées sont les suivantes :
Eucholirion Jonghii et Lindleyi et les plantes portant les numéros 11, 13, 14, 21, 22 et 25 qui ne sont pas encore dénommées. Ces diverses Broméliacées n'ont pas encore été livrées au commerce.

Bilbergia miniata rosea, cœlestis, marmorata gigantea.

Dans les arbustes ce sont ceux ci-après :
Plumierea principis Demidoff qui n'existe pas dans les cultures; Sterculia chicha, Geoffraea species Minas, Maregravia species de Minas remarquable par son inflorescence, le seul sujet existant en Europe ; Simaba species nova, unique; Securidaca tomentosa, rare ; Stadmannia species d'Estrelle, Stradmania Jonghii, [sic - error for Stadmannia jonghii] Cupanea glabra, Rhopala heterophylla, Theophrasta imperialis.




Jonghii (nicht Younghii), Gartenflora: Monatsschrift Fur Deutsche und Schweizerische Garten- und Blumenkunde
By Eduard Regel
Published by Verlag von Ferdinand Enke, 1870



MM. Avoux et Crozy ont obtenu une médaille d'argent de 1ere classe pour un lot bien choisi de belles plantes, parmi lesquelles on admirait un Calamus ciliaris, un remarquable pied de Gre- villea longifolia couvert de fleurs, les Rhopala Younghii et Porteana, etc.

Diploglottis australis

Diploglottis australis
Australian Native Tamarind

This tree is growing in the Old Nursery area of Monserrate. Still a youngster. Twenty years ago it was just a single straight trunk with a tuft of leaves at the top. Since then it has flowered and fruited regularly and has now branched out a little. This habit is apparently normal for this species, even when grown in the open. See here an Australian photograph:

Photo: Robert Whyte

Found in temperate and sub-tropical rainforests as a pioneer species. East coast of Australia.
Fruit is a brown hairy capsule with 2 or 3 seeds surrounded by an orange yellow aril. The somewhat sour fruits are eaten by the green catbird and the satin bowerbird. Thomas Cargil would have been delighted. Fairylife in Fairyland has several references to Australian birds including the bowerbirds. Can also be eaten raw or sweetened in a jam or drinks.
Ailuroedus crassirostris

Fruit Photo Robert White

Referred as a foliage plant under synonym Stadmannia australis

Sapindaceae

Stadmannia australis G.Don
Don, G. (1831), A General History of Dichlamydeous Plants 1: 669 [tax. nov.]
Type: "Native of New Holland."Radlkofer, L.A.T. (1878) Sitzungsberichte der mathematisch-physikalischen Class der k. b. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu München 8: 278
basionym of: Diploglottis australis (G.Don) Radlk. Harden, G.J. & Johnson, L.A.S. (1986) A note on Diploglottis australis (G.Don) Radlk. Telopea 2(6): 747
Lectotype: "NEOTYPE: `on the banks of the Hastings River, at Port Macquarie', Allan Cunningham n. 14, s.d. (K, n.v.; examined by Dr Surrey Jacobs on our behalf)." CHAH (2006), Australian Plant Census
basionym of: Diploglottis australis (G.Don) Radlk.