Jardim Formoso

The Gardens of Madeira - Reviews

2010-12-14T13:43:00.001-08:00

The kaleidoscope of colours virtually glow on the pages, inviting us to enter a world that's altogether more vibrant than our own. - Scotsman

Madeira is famed for its lush, sub-tropical gardens, and this lavish book captures them in all their beauty. Pure escapism, and the perfect thing to leaf through on a cold winter's night. - Daily Mail

For garden visitors and armchair travellers. - Irish Times

Madeira is truly a magical island, from a botanical persepective, filled with wild flowers. Here, at last, is a book that does justice to its gardens as opposed to the dazzling natural scenery. The author is a garden designer living on mainland Portugal who has been making gardens on the island since 1991. He has produced an evenly written text, not at all 'gushy' - there is even a smattering of judicious criticism. Highlights include the Monte palace and the immaculate " Victorian" English garden at Quinta Vigia. - Daily Telegraph

The British have always loved the island of Madeira for its climate and the gardens it can produce. Now we have The Gardens of Madeira from the designer Gerald Luckhurst, who has worked there for years. The Portuguese and English influences can clearly be seen in the older gardens that relish the subtropical expat style of herbaceous borders, camellias and monkey puzzles; but there are newer gardens too, just as plant-rich and Luckhurst’s Madeira Magic, for all its commercial origins, is one of the island’s most interesting plantings. - Times

Essential Madeira - The garden visionary

2010-10-29T13:39:00.000-07:00

An interview with Gerald Luckhurst about his work on Madeira by Vitor Sousa
see page 36-37

Essential Madeira Islands nº22 October-November 2010

The Gardens of Madeira

2010-10-27T10:05:00.000-07:00

My new book 'The Gardens of Madeira' has finally reached the bookstores.

Here is a link to the publishers Blurb.

If you use the link to the right you can buy the book at Amazon with a 50% discount.

Friends of Monserrate

2010-06-26T14:41:00.001-07:00

The Friends of Monserrate have a new website. You can find it here

Amigos de Monserrate / Friends of Monserrate

Tigridia pavonia

2010-06-26T03:07:00.000-07:00

Curtis Botanical magazine

Vol. 15 (1801)

[532]

Ferraria Tigridia. Mexican Ferraria, or Tiger-flower.
Class and Order.
MONADELPHIA TRIANDRIA.
Generic Character.
Spatha 2-phylla. Cal. o. Petala 6. 3-externis latioribus. Stylus 1. Caps. 3-loculari infera.
Specific Characler and Synonyms.
FERRARIA Tigridia ; foliis plicatis, corollis lato-urceolatis:
laciniis interioribus depresso-intersectis.
FERRARIA pavonia : caule simplici flexuoso, foliis equi-
tantibus ensiformibus nervosis, petalis planis :
interioribus duplo brevioribus panduriformibus.
Spec. PI. edit, Willdenow, v. 3. p. 581.
FERRARIA pavonia. Linn. Suppl. 407. Cav. Diff. p. 343.
t. 189. Larmarck Encyclop. v. 2. p. 453. 2.
TIGRIDIA Juffieu. Gen. p. 57.
MORAEA pavonia. Thunb. Monea 14, 20.
OCOLOXOCHITL seu flore tigris. Hern. nov. PI. Amer.
Hist. tab. 276. Gerard, emac. 122. 2. Encyc lop. Brit. t. 350.
TIGRIDIS flos an Dracunculi species? Lob. Obs. 59. Icon.
111. Dod. pempt. 3. p. 421. Swertii Floril. 2.
t. 31. fig. 2. J. Bauh. 2. p. 684. Raii Hist.
1165. J. Theod. de Bryt, Florileg. nov. t. 111.

Of all the above authors, no one had seen the living plant except Hernandez, who was sent to Mexico as a Physician, by Philip II. King of Spain; and his figure, though only a small wooden cut, is more botanically correct than any of the others, not excepting that of Cavanilles, We are informed by him that it grew wild about Mexico, and was much cultivated for its excessive beauty and for the medicinal virtues of its root; being, as he terms it, " a frigefacient in fevers, and " also a promoter of fecundity in women." Both Hernandez and M. De Brancion, from whom Lobel derived his knowledge of the plant, observe that the root is esculent. All the other old authors appear to have borrowed what they have said from these two sources, except perhaps De Bry, who says he received it (probably meaning the drawing) from Caspar Bauhin. The author of this figure, though it was published before the Rome edition of the Mexican history, appears to have had access to the drawing of Hernandez, as the form of the flower is the same, only four roots are crowded together. The more modern authors seem to have made their descriptions and figures from no other authority except a dried specimen in the possession of Jussieu. That of Mutis, cited by the younger Linnaeus, we have not seen, and has not, we believe, been as yet published.
For the possession of this superb flower, this country, and perhaps Europe, is indebted to Ellis Hodgson, Esq. of Everton, near Liverpool, with whom it flowered and produced ripe seeds about five years ago. From this gentleman, seeds were communicated to Messrs. Grimwood and Wykes, and by them it has been dispersed among other Nurserymen. There is little fear but that it will soon become very common, as it flowers freely, produces seeds in abundance, and maybe likewise increased by offsets from the roots. It has no scent, but in splendid beauty it appears to us, at least when assifted by rarity and singularity, to surpass every competitor; we lament that this too affords our fair countrywomen another lesson, how extremely fugacious is this loveliness of form; born to display its' glory but for a few hours, it literally melts away.
By the alteration made by Willdenow in the generic character of Ferraria, this may be included; but the trivial name pavonia, injudiciously adopted from a supposed resemblance to the Iris pavonia, figured by Jacquin (not the Iris pavonia of the Botanical Magazine) is totally inadmissible, the colours being in no respect similar to those of the peacock ; we have, therefore, as nearly as could be done in one word, restored the original name. We have an additional motive to do so from the confederation, that should it be hereafter thought necessary to make it a distinct genus from Ferraria, the name of Tigridia, already applied by Jussieu, would undoubtedly be given it.
Disc. Root, a tunicated bulb, producing from one to four stems about a foot and half high, somewhat flexuose, round, jointed, smooth, bearing at each joint a plicated oblong-lanceolate leaf from a sheathing petiole the length of the internode, and at the summit an involucrum, apparently confiding of two lanceolate, ancipital, conduplicate, nearly equal valves, of which the exterior is in fact the common spathe or involucre, and embraces the interior with its contents ; the interior valve, which is exactly opposed to the outer one, is the proper spathe of the first flower and embraces it, together with the spathes and flowers that are to come in succession ; the spathe of the second flower is opposed to that of the first, and placed between it and the pedicel of the first flower; and so of the rest, every spathe being opposed to the one of the preceding flower and embraced by it. These spathes are similar in shape, but diminish progressively and become more membranaceous. Corolla, broad-urceolate (but this could not be expressed by the drawing in a front-view of the flower) divided into six segments, of which the three outer are urceolate at the base, expanded above, and reflected at the point; the three inner ones smaller by half, biformed, singularly divided into a lower hastate and an upper ovate division by a depressed intersection ; the upper division is of the richest scarlet imaginable, variegated by a bright golden yellow. Filament, a cuniculated or piped triquetral column. Anthers, sessile, erect, bearing their pollen on the outside, conniving at the point, diverging below to admit the exit of the stigmas. Germen, obtusely trigonal, three-celled. Style, the length of the filamental column, through the hollow of which it pafles. Stigmas, three, filiform, bifid. Capsule, oblong, obtufely trigonal, three-celled. Seeds, in double rows in each cell and round.
It is a native of Mexico and Peru, is properly a greenhouse plant, and succeeds best in light mould, seedlings will flower the second year. It is best to take up the bulbs the latter end of September or October, and to keep them out of the ground till the Spring*.
* In every part of this paper, we have been very much assisted by the liberal communications of John Bellendin Gawler, Esq.

Tigridia pavonia (L.f.) DC. in P.J.Redouté, Liliac. 1: t. 6 (1802).

Mexico to El Salvador

Iridaceae

General Robert Craufurd

2010-06-25T11:31:00.000-07:00

Major-General Robert Craufurd (5 May 1764 – 23 January 1812) arrived in Lisbon just a few days before Lord Byron in 1809. On 10th July Byron and Hobhouse watch the General commanding his troops in a military parade.

Cintra Pinturesca: Monserate 1838

2010-06-20T01:08:00.000-07:00

[p.79]

Descendo do alto de Penha-verde deixamos á esquerda huma fonte antiga , e logo mais adiante a estrada fórma hum estreito por cujo motivo pozerão os Arabes ao sitio o nome de Gibraltar , e a poucos passos se biparte a estrada. Seguindo-se a da direita se vai dar á ribeira de Gallamares (de que fallaremos quando tratarmos de villa de Collares) em cuja proximidade está a quinta de S. Bento , e as ruinas de huma antiga casa acastellada , que ainda conserva duas torres , pertencente á casa dos Condes de Soure. Continuando a mesma estrada que tinhamos seguido , esta logo adiante se reparte em tres caminhos. A' direita fica o que conduz ás ruinas e quinta de Monserate; o centro he a estrada real de Collares , a qual por baixo de huma continuada sombra de arvoredo , tendo passado pela quinta da Bellavista, pertencente á casa de Cadaval, a da Agua Ferrea , e sitio da Ugaria, nos leva áquella aprazivel e viçosa villa : á esquerda, subindo para o centro da serra em direcção ao Oeste , vamos ter ao convento de Santa Cruz da Serra.

Logo adiante da quinta de Penha-verde fica o sitio de Monserate , assim chamado , de huma Ermida da invocação de Nossa Senhora de Monserate , que no anno de 1540 edificou hum Clerigo chamado Gaspar Preto mandando de Roma vir a imagem de alabastro, da Senhora.

Aqui em hum pequeno monte despegado , que se avança como atalaya do resto das ondulações da Serra , estão as ruinas de huma casa de campo , imitando hum castello antigo. Foi edificada esta casa por hum Inglez chamado Bekfort , inda ha poucos annos , de sorte que por vicio de construccão e não pela sua muita antiguidade está em ruinas. Qual flor requeimada por vento pestifero na viçosa idade da sua vegetação, ainda nestas estragadas ruinas sobresahe a formosura e brilho do seu tempo de gloria. [p.80] Huma bella lameda de arvores nos conduz á casa cercada de huma gradaria de ferro de tres pés de altura, cingindo-lhe as paredes cedros qne sombreando-a , lhe não roubão (pela boa disposição em que estão collocados) os lindos pontos de optica que disfructa , tanto para o lado da serra de que he dominada, como para a parte do mar e valle de Collares. A primeira torre era destinada para os quartos de cama, seguindo-se em baixo casa de jantar etc.; a outra torre consistia em huma bella salla de Musica deforma redonda , cornmunicando com outras , tudo no melhor gosto e distribuição. Tinha a casa duas entradas principaes , que se dirigiào a hum vestibulo em octagono, que partia para os differentes ramos do edificio.

Os aposentos para os creados , cocheira , e cavalharices , formão outro corpo de edificio ao lado do caminho que conduz á casa. Os apriscos , abegoaria , e casa de caseiro são feitas com igual esmero de gosto , buscando a arte meios de embellezamento na sua simples e rustica architectura. Consistia a quinta de hum bello bosque de antigos carvalhos que vinhão terminar junto á casa em hum pomar de larangeiras e tangerinas. Na encosta sobranceira ao valle onde está assentado este pomar se vê huma cascata de enormes calháos que para alli forão conduzidos expressamente , esforçando-se por este modo com tanto trabalho o artificio humano em imitar a simplicidade das bellezas da natureza, [p.81] sempre magestosa e bella nas obras da sua creação , toma esta repreza as aguas que no inverno, e principios da primavera descem do alto da serra, e formão uma cataracta que se despenha por um leito pedregoso, que forma a parte mais baixa do valle desta mata.

Tal he o sitio encantador de Monserrate! Se quereis embriagar a vossa alma de uma agradavel melancolia , vinde passar alguns momentos a estas ruinas, ou quando o sol rompendo por entre as nevoas que coroão os alcantilados montes faz chorar as arvores lagrimas crystalinas , saudosas dos mysterios da noite , ou quando mergulhando-se no Occeano traz essa hora do crepusculo doces meditações.

Evós , damas , acudi tambem ; não receeis genios malfazejos , nem vos assustem as suas torres e recortadas ameias, que esta estancia foi desde o seu principio destinada a prazeres. Lamentai com tudo que esta salla animada outra-ora pela suave melodia da musica , seja agora muda e silenciosa , que esse pavimento sobre o qual se deitão hoje essas ovelhas que vos não excedem em candura, não seja ao de leve roçado pelos vossos pés mimosos, que esse chão cuberto de pedras que desabão do arruinado tecto, não seja forrado de aveludado tapete. Pedi porém que alguma mão bemfeitora restitua esta casa á sua primeira instituição, isto he, a povôe de novos folgares, ou antes pedi que a mão do homem , mais destruidora que o tempo , não derrube [p. 82] esse resto de arvores que escaparão aos sacrilegos golpes do machado, não nivelle com a terra esses mesmos fragmentos do edificio que ainda hoje formão o encanto destes sitios.

Portugal and Gallicia, with a review of the social and political state of the Basque provinces

2010-06-18T12:06:00.000-07:00

Portugal and Gallicia, with a review of the social and political state of the Basque provinces
Henry John G. Herbert (3rd earl of Carnarvon.)

1836

pp. 18 - 19

We rode on to Montserrat, the remains of a villa, built by Mr. Beckford many years ago. The ruinous state of that fairy dwelling was noticed by Lord Byron in 1809, and since that time it has become still more desolate. The roof, then entire, has since very much fallen in, and the walls are in many parts a heap of ruins. The entrance opens into an octagonal hall, terminated by a circular apartment, which looks over a lengthened flat to the distant breakers. There is also the shell remaining of a fine apartment, perhaps the library, which commands as rich a view of forest scenery as can well be conceived. The general effect of the exterior is good, except the high slanting roofs, which, though in correct taste, are somewhat unpleasing. Further on we saw the ruins of a rambling house, to which a dark story is attached; for a young man is there said to have murdered his elder brother under circumstances of peculiar horror.

Sir John Charles Robinson (1824-1913)

2010-06-03T06:02:00.001-07:00

Sir John Charles Robinson fromThe Times, 11 April 1913
We regret to announce that Sir John Charles Robinson, CB, FSA, died yesterday at his residence, Newton Manor, Swanage. He had reached the great age of 88, having been born in Nottingham in December 1824, but until very recently he was as active as ever in the interest which he displayed in questions concerning the art of the past and in those antiquarian subjects to which he had devoted the greater part of his long life.

He was trained in Paris as an artist and on his return he exhibited more than once at the Royal Academy; but it was rather as an organizer, teacher and collector that he made his mark. For some five years he was headmaster of the Art School at Hanley and his influence soon made itself felt in Mintons and other porcelain factories. He was one of the young men who took up with great zeal that movement inaugurated by Prince Albert, about the time of the first Great Exhibitions, for establishing a general system of art education in England and when the South Kensington Museum was founded in 1852 he was made first superintendent of the art collections. This post he held for 17 years and it is to him more than anyone that the provincial museums owe the system of circulating works of art and ancient craftsmanship from the national stores. More than this, Mr Robinson, who had a natural flair for works of art of every description and who was alive to the beauty of the then neglected productions of the Italian Renaissance, spent many seasons in travelling for the Museum in Italy and Spain. With the small funds at his disposal he was able to acquire at what we should now consider a paltry price a vast number of those works in marble, bronze, majolica and terracotta which quickly gave South Kensington a unique position among the museums of Europe. Mr Robinson found it possible, with the expenditure of a few thousands or even hundreds of pounds annually, to lay up a store for the nation such as is now unattainable at any price; a store which, if we could image it coming into the market today, would realize 50 or 100 times what he gave for it. He, for example, influenced Mr Gladstone and obtained a grant for the purchase of the best objects in the Gigli-Campana collection. Unfortunately he came in the end to disagree with some of the chiefs of the Museum, the grounds of the dispute being such as it is quite unnecessary to enter upon here, and in 1869 he resigned his connection with the Museum, retiring with a pension.
Three years before, in conjunction with the celebrated Italian diplomatist and writer, the Marquis D'Azeglio and a few other friends, he founded the Fine Arts Club which afterwards developed into the Burlington and for many years acted as it honorary secretary. Into this little club were gathered the principal connoisseurs and collectors of the day such as Mr C S Bale, Sir William Drake, Mr Mitchell, Mr Malcolm of Poltalloch and others; and through his association with them Mr Robinson rapidly obtained an important position as the advisor of those who wished to acquire fine collections. His principal achievements in this way were on behalf of Mr Malcolm, many of whose splendid ancient drawings, now in the British Museum, had been bought by Mr Robinson at the Woodburn and other sales; and the late Sir Francis Cook of Richmond, whose well-known collection of old pictures was brought together under the same advice. It is noteworthy that this collection is especially strong in Spanish pictures and that Mr Robinson stood at that time almost alone among English connoisseurs as a frequent traveller to Spain for art purposes. As time went on he bought a good deal for himself and at one time was the owner of an important collection of Spanish, Italian and Dutch pictures, of Italian marbles, medals and bronzes and of drawings by old masters. He was also active, long after his official connection with the public museums had ceased, in organizing funds for the purchase of works of art for the nation. The chief instance of this was at the time of the famous Fountaine sale (1884) when he, by letter to 'The Times' and in other ways, stirred up public opinion in favour of acquiring some of that matchless store of majolica, Limoges enamels and Palissy ware, and at the time of the sale he was in command of a considerable sum of money for this purpose which he expended very judiciously.
In 1882 Mr Robinson once more entered the service of the Crown, being in that year appointed Surveyor of the Queen's pictures; a post which he held for nearly 20 years till the death of Queen Victoria. But whether the fault lay with the Queen herself, who did not like changes and alterations in the Royal possessions, or whether Mr Robinson wanted energy in this matter, it cannot be said that anything was done during this period to put the pictures in order or to make the collections more popular. That was reserved for the next reign and for the next Surveyor, Mr Lionel Cust. In regard to modern art Mr Robinson, who was himself an etcher of ability, was instrumental with his friend Sir F Seymour Haden, in founding the Royal Society of Painter-Etchers of which he became an honorary member. He was in high favour with the Empress Frederick and gave her valuable help in forming the rather remarkable collection which she and her husband brought together at Cronberg. Many other crowned heads appreciated Mr Robinson's services. At home he was made a Knight in 1887, a CB in 1901 and he was the holder of high orders from the Sovereigns of Belgium, Spain and Portugal.His publications were very numerous and include several of the official catalogues issued by South Kensington, the descriptive catalogue of the Raphael and Michael Angelo drawings at Oxford, several private catalogues and a multitude of articles in the magazines and art periodicals, together with many letters to the 'The Times'. The articles and letters were often either directly controversial or provocative of controversy, for it must be admitted that Sir J C Robinson had a way of maintaining his own sometimes paradoxical opinions about various works of art in a manner which did not always approve itself to other connoisseurs. Still, though one may disagree with him on many questions of connoisseurship, it cannot be denied that in the middle of the last century he did a really great public service and that our unrivalled collections at South Kensington could never have been what they are had the Museum not been served by a man so energetic, shrewd and clever as he was.He married, in 1852, the daughter of Alderman Newton of Norwich; this lady died recently. One of his sons is Mr Charles Newton Robinson and another is Mr Gerald Robinson, the mezzotint engraver. For many years he lived in Harley Street, but moved some years ago to the beautiful old house at Swanage where he died.

Saccolabium blumei majus

2010-06-03T03:23:00.000-07:00

Picture towns of Europe

2010-06-02T16:03:00.000-07:00

Cinco artistas em Cintra

2010-04-09T04:49:00.000-07:00

CRISTINO, João, 1829-1877

Camellia japonica 'Zoraide Vanzi'

2010-04-06T11:57:00.000-07:00

First listed by E.G. Henderson & Son, 1866, Catalogue p.44

Blush white with very picturesque rosy red bars and flakes; outer petals large, rounded, rose-like and even; a flower of great substance, full to the centre.

Stefano Pagliai Catalogue, 1867, p.74;
New blush, striped and blotched carmine, extra fine substancew.

Veitch Nursery Catalogue, 1867;

Henderson, E.G., nursery Catalogue, 1867: White flushed pink, highly speckled and splashed carmine.

Originated in Italy by Franchetti, Florence.

No illustration listed.

Information from Web Camellia Register.

A QUINTA DE MONSERRATE - Horas Românticas

2010-03-22T12:58:00.000-07:00

Nº de Registo: 2270
Assunto: Monserrate, Quinta de
Descrição: Vista de uma perspectiva da Quinta de Monserrate.
Gravador: Isaías Nenton
Autor: J. Pedrozo
Editor: Horas Românticas
Inscrição: A QUINTA DE MONSERRATE / DES. DE J. NENTON
Processo/Técnica: N/identificado
Cor: Negro
Estado de Conservação: Bom

More on Portuguese Camellias

2010-03-21T14:51:00.001-07:00

Ensaio sobre a camellia

Em Portugal data apenas do fim do 1.º quartel d’este seculo a introducção da Camellia, e só ha pouco mais de 25 annos, é que principiaram a propagar-se por as provincias as variedades dobradas e plenas, e talvez só ha doze annos é que se presta verdadeira attenção a esta cultura.

A Camellia vive ao ar livre em quasi todo o littoral atlantico e mediterraneo de França e em alguns pontos privilegiados do interior, como Angers, o valle do Loire, o coração e jardim de França. Se o Lago-maior, no Piemonte, o Milanez, o Florentino, Roma, Veneza e especialmente Napoles dispensam agazalhos do inverno para a Camellia pela razão geral da proximidade do mar, em Portugal vive bem ao ar livre quasi por toda a parte, tanto no littoral, como no interior das provincias do norte, e se nas do sul não vegeta egualmente, deve attribuir-se, no meu entender, ao demasiado calor do verão em algumas paragens e à exposição quente, e natureza calcarea dos terrenos, e aguas com que os regam, porque ahi mesmo, logo que lhe procurem situações frescas e arrejadas, e terrenos apropriadas, vive opulenta como em Cintra, abandonada, sem cultura e dispersa por a matta do palacio real da penna, como no seu estado primativo no paiz natural.

N. P. de Mendonça Falcão

Jornal de Horticultura Pratica, Vol. III, pp.51-54

Origin of Portuguese Camellias

2010-03-21T12:20:00.001-07:00

Jornal de Horticultura Prática Vol. II, 1871 p. 120.

Lançando agora um volver d’olhos sobre o estado de florescencia d’este genero no nosso paiz, não podemos deixar de nos congratularmos, porque as variedades que se cultivam já sobem a algumas centenas e com quanto a maior parte sejam de origem estrangeira, ha muitas que são nascida em Portugal e por tanto chamarlhes.hemos «portuguezas».

Estas são, na maior parte, de sementeiras feitas no Porto e seus suburbios por pessoas apaixonadas d’este bello genero. Entre os mais felizes devemos mencionar os snrs.: Roberto Wan-Zeller, visconde de Villar Allen, conselheiro Camilo Aureliano da Silva e Sousa, e José Marques Loureiro.

O ultimo que se acaba de lêr deveria talvez ser à frente dos outros, mas de proposito o deixamos para o fim para lhe consagramos duas linhas de louvor, porque n’esta especialidade, como em muitas outras, tem prestado verdadeiro serviços à horticultura.

Amador de coração, dotado de inextinguivel paixão pelas Camellias, dedicou-se de ha muito à sua cultura e pouco e pouco foi colleccionando as novidades de maneira que possue hoje inquestionavelmente a melhor collecção de Portugal. Para chegar a este resultado, não se limita a fazer annualmente importação de um certo numero d’ellas. Organisa abundantes sementeiras, de onde obtem sempre variedades bellissimas e é ahi que toma sua origem um bom numero das Camellias portuguezas, que hoje adornam os nossos jardins e que muitas pessoas pensam ser estrangeiras.

Oliveira Junior

Camellia Duarte de Oliveira

2010-03-21T11:54:00.000-07:00

Jornal de Horticultura Pratica,
1871, Vol. II, pp. 2-3.

Camellias 1859

2010-03-20T02:45:00.000-07:00

Le Bon jardinier: almanach horticole pour l'année 1859.

p. 956

Nous terminerons ces courts préceptes par quelques observations sur le nombre immense de variétés de Camellias qui figurent sur les catalogues de nos horticulteurs. Il serait à désirer qu'on pût établir une synonymie exacte; car beaucoup de variétés complètement semblables y portent des noms différents. Ainsi, entre autres, le Camellia cruciata s'appelle des noms de Varischi, Général Zucchi, etc.; le Saccoï nova répond à ceux de Halfida, Saccoï prima, Augustina superba; L’Elata de Rollisson à ceux de Crimson perfection et d’Elata de Cunningham, etc. Du reste, à moins d'avoir sous les yeux une collection complète, ce travail est presque impossible ; car les renseignements qu'on reçoit de divers pays sur une même variété sont complètement différents, les conditions de climat et de sol ayant nécessairement une influence sur la forme et le coloris des fleurs. Les semeurs, de leur côté, devraient apporter la plus grande réserve dans la mise au commerce d'une variété nouvelle ; ils devraient juger consciencieusement si elle est assez dissemblable de telle ou telle autre pour obtenir les honneurs du baptême; et, afin de prendre un exemple, le C. Normanii, charmante plante du reste, est-elle tellement différente du Saccoï nova qu'il ait fallu l'ériger en variété nouvelle? Le C. Roberti, connu aussi sous le nom de lo Schiavone, n'est-il pas à peu près semblable au C. Rubini, lequel est bien proche parent du C. Verschaffeltii? Ces variétés sont maintenant acceptées et figurent dans toutes les collections, et nous ne les avons signalées que comme avertissement aux habiles et heureux semeurs de tous pays, qui pourraient se laisser entraîner dans cette voie si séduisante de créer des variétés nouvelles, et de juger leurs gains avec une partialité toute paternelle.
Depuis une dizaine d'années, les semis se sont tellement multipliés, et les gains obtenus sont si nombreux, qu'une belle collection de Camellias, bien qu'épurée avec soin et sévérité, se composera facilement de plus de deux cents variétés. Nous allons décrire les plus remarquables, tant parmi les anciennes que parmi les nouvelles, et indiquer ensuite les espèces d'un mérite un peu moindre, et que cependant un amateur véritable doit posséder 1.
Camellia abbate Branzini, imbrication parfaite ; pétales arrondis et échancrés, carmin foncé, tranché par une bordure d'un bleu violacé.
C. alba imbricata (Low), très grand, blanc pur, imbriqué.
C. alba plena, blanc pur, imbriqué, une des plus anciennes et des plus belles variétés.
C. Alexina (Low), blanc bien panaché et strié de rose, imbriqué.
C. Amadryas di Cusano, imbriqué, d'un beau rouge à pointes blanches.
C. Antonietta Lomellini, imbriqué, rouge ponceau vif à la circonférence, plus clair au centre, pétales en coquille et très nombreux.
C. archiduchessa Augusta (Corsi),cramoisi foncé, bande blanche au centre de chaque pétale, reflets d'un bleu violacé pendant la deuxième période de la floraison.
C. avvenire, fleur énorme, imbriquée, rose tendre brillant, légèrement bordée de blanc, stries blanches.
G. bella di Firenze*, rose carmin, imbriqué, veiné et rubané de blanc.
C. bella Toscana, forme de l’incarnata, rouge vif, centre plus clair, parfois liseré et tacheté de blanc.
C. belle Jeannette, rose cuivré, bande blanche sur le milieu des pétales, grande fleur imbriquée.
C. Senneyi (Boll), imbriqué, cramoisi vif, légèrement ligné de blanc, centre plus clair.
C. candidissima, imbriqué, blanc pur.
C. Candor ("Herbert], imbriqué, large fleur, blanc pur.
C. Caroline Smith, imbriqué, d'un rose très-tendre, rubané de blanc.
C. Chandeleri elegans, rose tendre, anémoniforme, parfois maculé de blanc.
C. cariophylloides (Low), blanc rosé, tigré de rouge.
C. Castagnola, imbriqué, rose vif; tous les pétales ornés d'une large bande blanche.
C. Catherine Longhi, d'un beau carmin, rubané de blanc, imbriqué.
C. centifolia (Low), rouge cramoisi, maculé de blanc, imbriqué.
C. comte de Paris, blanc rosé, veiné et rubané de carmin.
C. comtesse Balbani, grande fleur, rouge foncé, à bandes régulières blanches et roses.
(1) Les horticulteurs qui s'occupent spécialement de la culture du Camellia consulteront avec avantage les deux ouvrages de l'abbé Berlèze :
Monographie du genre Camellia, culture, description et classification. 1 vol. in-8, de 310 pag. et 7 pl. Prix : 5 fr.
Iconographie du genre Camellia. 3 magnifiques vol. in-folio, texte sur velin et 300 belles gravures coloriées. Prix : 375 fr.

p.958

Camellia comtesse d’Ellesmere (Jackson), blanc carné, strié incarnat, imbriqué.
C. comtesse Massiani, imbriqué, d'un blanc ligné et macd de rose.
C. comtesse Nencini, imbriqué, blanc carné, strié de roa carmin, tardive.
C. comtesse Ottolini, imbriqué, rouge saumoné, centre pli clair, lavé et veiné de blanc.
C. countess of Orkney, imbriqué, blanc crème, veiné et stri de rose.
C. cruciata, imbriqué, carmin rubané de blanc.
C. Damiana novella (Damien, V. CorsiJ, imbriqué, Kwp pourpre, centre carmin clair.
C. Daviesi, anémoniforme, rouge foncé; fleur dnnslegan de celle du Grenadier.
C. de la Reine (Varemberg), imbriqué; fleur énorme, bUw pur strié de rose.
C. Donkelaeri, semi-double, rouge, maculé de blanc.
C. Dride, imbriqué, rose agate, strié de blanc, centre et circonférence un peu plus foncés.
C. duc de Bretagne, imbriqué, rose très vif.
C. duchesse de Montpensier, imbriqué, très plein, blancslrit de rose.
C. duchesse dOrlêans, imbriqué, blanc légèrement rosé, strié de carmin, perd facilement ses boutons.
C. Elisabetta Herbert " (Sloane), imbriqué, rouge vif, centre rose pâle.
C. emperor ("Davies), pœoniforme, rose brique.
C. exquisita (Low), petites fleurs renonculiformes, d'un rose très-vif.
C. Faustina (Lechi), rouge ligné et tacheté de blanc, parfo» imbriqué.
C. Feastii, imbriqué, blanc strié de rose.
C. pmbriata, blanc pur, imbriqué, les pétales finement dentelés, superbe, mais un peu délicat.
C. général Lafayettc, rose tendre, largement rubané deMa»c> imbriqué.
C. George Washington, imbriqué, blanc jaunâtre, quelque fois tacheté de rose.
C. Giardino Franchetti, blanc nuancé couleur de chaire et strié de rose carmin, pétales très larges. Selon toute vraisemblance, accident du C. Targioni fixé par la greffe.
C. Giovacchino Rossini, imbriqué, carmin rayé et tacheté de blanc jaunâtre, l'extrémité des pétales est marginée de blanc pur.
C. gloria dell’ isole Borromeo, imbriqué, d'un rose vif ligne de blanc.
C. grandis (Low), imbriqué, rose cramoisi vif. „,
C. mivetia, très grande fleur bien imbriquée et d'un rougi brillant.
C. Hendersoni, imbriqué, d'un rose tendre, plus vif à 'aClf' conférence qu'au centre. M
C. Henri Favre, imbriqué, rose clair, perd facilemenf * boutons. ^,
C. Ida Borrini, corail foncé, tacheté de blanc, pétales Incrément bordés de blanc.

p.959

Camellia il 22 Marzo, rosiforme, rouge cerise, pétales bordés raversés de lignes blanc pur.
C. imbricata rubra, imbriqué, rouge carminé, ancienne vaté, toujours très belle.
C. imbricata (Dunlop), rose tendre, imbriqué.
C. incarnata, imbriqué; pétales pointus, disposés en étoile, [bl]anc carné.
C. Isolina Corsi, rose foncé brillant, diaphane, pétales mâles de blanc aux extrémités, imbriqué.
C. Jacksoni, imbriqué, fond rouge, large ligne blancbe au ntre de chaque pétale.
C. jardin d'hiver, rose nuancé, carmin, imbriqué.
C. Jeffersonii, rouge brillant, ligné de blanc, imbriqué.
C. jubilee (XowJ, imbriqué, blanc carné, strié de rose, centre jaunàtre.
C. la Concordia, giroflée pâle, strié ponceau et tacheté de blanc.
C. Landrethi, imbriqué, rose tendre.
C. Laura Mortera, rose glacé, présente de légères stries lanches rosées.
C Leana superba, rosiforme, rose ponceau, centre plus clair, e plus tardif de tous.
C. Lemichezii (Mathot), fleurs grandes, imbrication parfaite, ouge carmin,plus pâle au centre qu'à la circonférence. Vigoureuse et très florifère
C madame Lebois (Mathot), rose carminé, plus pâle que le C. Reine, des fleurs, même forme, imbrication parfaite, très grande fleur.
C. madame Stretreloff, rose tendre satiné, largement strié de blanc jaunâtre, imbriqué, coloris assez nouveau.
C. Madona, blanc, légèrement macule de rose.
C. Magdalena, rose strié de blanc, imbriqué.
C. Mamelli, imbriqué, rose carminé très pur.
C. marchesa Teresa à"Ambra, imbriqué, rose vif, centre rose pile.
C. marchioness of Exeter, grande fleur imbriquée, rose vif, médiocre snr petits pieds.
C. Marguerite Gouillon, imbriqué, blanc carné, strié, rose carmin.
C. Maria Morren, grande fleur imbriquée, rouge cerise.
C. Maria Teresa, imbriqué, blanc carné, nuancé et strié de carmin.
C. Marielta Benucci, imbriqué, rose vif, centre strié de blanc i'iir, pétales arrondis.
C. marquise Natta, fleur très grande, imbriquée, rose clair à la circonférence, plus foncée au centre.
C. Mathotiana, fleur énorme, rose carmin, à reflets cerise, imbriqué.
C. Mazuchelli, imbriqué, rouge cerise vif, rubané de blanc.
C. Miniata (Low), rouge à centre blanchâtre, imbriqué.
C. miss Alby Wilder, imbriqué, blanc panaché de carmin.
C. Montironi, fleur énorme, imbriquée; pétales en coquilles, blanc pur, parfois veiné de rose.
C nassiniana, imbriqué, rose tendre rubanné de blanc.
C optima (Low), rose maculé de carmin.

p.960
Camellia perfection (Palmer), imbriqué, rouge cerise, ligné de blanc, reflets bleuâtres sur la fin de la floraison.
C. Pie IX, rouge cerise, ligné de blanc, fleur moyenne, imbriquée.
C. pictorum rosea, rose de Chine, fleur énorme imbriquée.
C. Prattii, imbriquée, rose satiné, striée de blanc, se forme difficilement.
C. prince Albert, imbriqué, centre pœoniforme, ponctué, et veiné de carmin.
C. princesse Bacciocchi, imbriqué, carmin ponceau, strié de blanc, admirable.
C. principessa Vidoni, rouge cerise.rayé de blanc, centre blanchâtre, imbriqué, forme particulière analogue a celle du C. Leana superba.
C. queen of Denmark (Low), rouge nuancé d'un coloris nouveau, tournant au violet dans la seconde période de la floraison.
C. queen Victoria, imbriqué, rose vif, largement rubané de blanc.
C. reine des Belges (Donkelaar), rouge cerise foncé au centre, plus pâle au milieu, bariolé de blanc, et veiné de rouge foncé, pétales larges à la circonférence, lancéolés au centre.
C. reine des fleurs, imbriqué, vermillon, pétales lancéolés, magnifique, feuillage très pointu.
C. reine des Roses, très pleine, imbriquée, rose tendre à la circonférence, rose maculé de blanc jaunâtre au centre.
C. reticulata (Species), semi-double, la plus grande fleur connue, pétales ondulés, rose vif, étamines jaunes et très nombreuses.
C. roi des Blancs, imbriqué, blanc pur.
C. rubescens, striata (Low), rouge saumon, strié de blanc, imbriqué.
C. saccoï nova, imbriqué, rose très tendre, superbe.
C. Sgariglio, imbriqué, d'un beau carmin brillant.
C. Siccardii, imbriqué, rouge sanguin très foncé, ligné de blanc au centre des pétales.
C. sovereign, fleur énorme, imbriqué, blanc, maculé de carmin, peu florifère.
C. Targioni, blanc strié de carmin, forme admirable.
C. Teutonia, imbriqué, forme parfaite, fleurs blanches ou roses, quelquefois l'un et l'autre, parfois aussi blanc cerné, veiné de rose.
C. Teresa Massini, rose tendre, centre strié de blanc.
G. tricolor, semi-double, blanc lavé et panaché de rose.
C. Valtaveredo, fleur énorme, forme du Montironi, imbriquée, pétales larges, rose vif à la circonférence, et rose tendre satiné au centre.
C. Verscha/felti, imbriqué, rose vif largement et régulièrement panaché de blanc.
C. Vessillo di Flora, rose saumoné, grande fleur imbriquée.
C. Yellow, espèce rapportée de Chine par M. Fortune; feuillage étroit et allongé, fleur anémoniforme, jaune pâle.

p.961
Nous citerons enfin, comme variétés remarquables devant seulement figurer dans la 2e catégorie 1 :

Camellia abbate Bianchi *
C. Adrien Lebrun
C. agilis
C. alba Casoretti
C. alba fenestrata
C. Americana (Dunlop)
C. Anna Zucchini *
C. archiduc Fernando
C. archiduchesse Augusta (Puccini)
C. Ayez*
C. Beali palmer
C. Beccaria*
C. bella di Pistoja*
C. Bergama*
C. Borgia
C. Bruceana
C. Camilla Galli*
C. Carbonara
C. Carswelliana
C. Colletti
C. Colvilii
C. comte Lorenzo Taverna*
C. comte de Maglian
C. comte de Mocenigo
C. comte de Spauri*.
C. Crimson perfection
C. duc de Chartres.
C. duc de Reichstadt*.
C. duchesse de Northumberland
C. Elena Ugoni*
C. Emilia Gavazzi
C. fra. Arnoldo di Brescia*.
C. Garibaldi*.
C. gloire de Ledeberg*.
gloria del Verbano
C. Grety
C. Grunelli
C. Guillaume Tell*.
C. Guthriana.
C. Hallegi.
C. Hamsteadi.
C. innocenza
C.Iride*.
C. Jeffersoni.
Camellia Kilwingtoniana.
C. Leda superba.
C. Lombarda.
C. Lowi.
C. Manara *.
C. marchesa Carega *.
C. Maria Antonietla*.
C. Mariana Trivulyia '.
C. Marietta Massant *.
C. marquise Elisa Centurion*.
C. Mazeppa *.
C. Montblanc.
C. onore della Torre *.
C. Opizina *.
C. Pensylvanica *.
C. perfecta (Chalmer).
C. Phliadelphica.
C. picturata.
C. Pirlo*.
C. Pizzio.
C. Pluton.
C. Pomponia.
C. prince de Canino.
C. princesse royale.
C. princesse Adélaïde de Carignan
C. princesse. Mathilde.
C. principessa Maria Pia *.
C. providenza *.
C. queen of England.
C radiata *.
C. Rapalino *.
C. re d'Italia
C. re (Mariani).
C. Rennica*.
C. Ristori.
C. Rising Sun.
C. Robertsoni.
C. Romaniensis *
C. Rubini.
C. signora di Monza*.
C. Silvio Perovano *.
C. Storyi*.
C. sulcata.
C. Sweti de Colvill.
C. Thomasini.

(1) Nous avons marqué d'un astérisque les variétés vantées par certains horticulteurs, mais que nous n'avons pas encore suffisamment appréciées, et que nous ne pouvons, par conséquent, placer dans la première catégorie.

Paris Camellia Show 1846

2010-03-19T15:33:00.000-07:00

Paris Camellia Show, 1846.—It is to the lady patronesses of the Societe Royale and Cercle General d'Horticulture that we are indebted for an exhibition of these splendid plants, which, moreover, they propose to continue eveiy spring. It certainly is a fortunate thing that ladies, moving in the highest circles of rank and fashion, should take so great an interest in horticulture, otherwise we must have been content with one annual show from each society, as heretofore. It is incomprehensible how the directors of these societies (which, by the by, are most liberally patronized by the public) can rest satisfied with remaining stationary while all the world beside is progressing at rail-road pace ; but such is the fact. It must be obvious that exhibitions, when honorably conducted, conduce perhaps more than any thing else to the prosperity of horticulture ; this has been the case both in England and Belgium, and would be the same here were the status quo got rid of. Let us hope the spirited conduct of the ladies may be the dawn of anew era. Upon the present occasion, they offered a gold medal for the finest and moat numerous collection of seedling or new camellias in flower, and another gold medal for the finest and most numerous general collection ; also a silver medal for the finest and most numerous collection of rhododendrons, and another for azaleas ; beside other prizes for the second best in each class. It is to be regretted that the programme was indefinite as to the number of plants; because it has too frequently happened that the most numerous collection has been rewarded, and a smaller one, every way superior, altogether passed over. The show was held in the grand gallery of the Palais du Luxembourg, from the 18th to the 22d of this month (March); unfortunately, intimation was only given to growers within the last three weeks, and the collections were not so numerous as might have been wished. No doubt, camellias would have been better ten days or a fortnight ago, but that would have been too early for azaleas; perhaps there may have been other reasons, otherwise how shall we account for the fact, that only ten exhibitors could be found among the multitude of public and private growers round Paris? It is but too notorious that a spirited collector, with a long purse, is in a far better position to gain a prize than the most skilful cultivator of a moderate-sized collection; this system would not be tolerated in England ; here it is openly practised, and plants gain a prize which have been purchased but a few days previously. On the whole, considering the shortness of the notice, both the public and exhibitors have reason to be satisfied ; there were some fine specimens, and not a

VOL. XII—NO. VI. 30

few beautiful new things; the wards were, moieover, strictly just. The competitors of camellias were Messieurs Cels, Courtois, Durand, Gontiers, Hardy, Margottin, Paillet, and Souchet; for rhododendrons, Messieurs. Durand, Guerin, and the Barons James and Salomon de Rothschild ; for azaleas, Durand and Margottin. It was expected that the Abbe Berleze, so well known by his splendid " Monographie du genre Camellia," would have been among the exhibitors ; his collection was considered the finest private one in Paris ; it appears, however, that he has, within the last week, disposed of it to the proprietors of the new winter-garden of the Champs Elysees for the sum of 1200£. The gold medal for the finest general collection of camellias was awarded to Mr. Paillet, who is one of the best Parisian growers. In his collection were some fine large plants from six to eight feet high, especially delicatissima, alba fenestrata, Clowesiana, Chandleri, Henri Favre, picturata, imbricata alba, and Wardii de Floy ; among the smaller plants: Cockii, imbricata rubra, Gousonia, Lineata, Queen Victoria, magniflora plena, Reevesii, eximia, and Chandleri elegans, were conspicuous for their perfection of form or color; but the gem of this collection was Preniland, a most beautiful cupped flower, large, very double, and the color a delicate pink ; to which may be added Marguerite de Gouillon and Pirzio, two pencilled flowers of great beauty. Mr. Souchet gained the gold medal for the finest collection of new varieties; among them I noticed two or three of extraordinary beauty, and perfectly distinct from any thing yet out. I regret not being able to give the names or numbers ; they were almost entirely without either. The flower which was most admired was of a pale pink, rather veined and regularly bordered white ; it was large, of good substance, and double, and no camellia grower will be without it; another was in the way of miniata, but far better; another like Lord Ker, but the stripe more distinct. He also gained the second prize for a general collection. The plants were not large, but well blown, particularly imbricata rubra, Marguerite Gouillon, Henri Favre, Juliana, Augustina superba, Colvilli, King, Decus Italicum, picturata, Lord Ker, Chandleri, Duchesse d'Orleans, and Queen Victoria. Prizes were also awarded to Messrs. Courtois and Goutier. The silver medal for rhododendrons was awarded to Mr. Grison, gr. to Baron Salomon de Rothschild, for a large collection of well grown plants, among which I noticed Smithii elegans, Lady Warrender, Duchess of Wurtemberg, speciosum, &c. ; the only thing wanting was a greater diversity of color. The second prize was awarded to Mr. Guerin, for a smaller collection ; his plants of Smithii roseum, Lady Warrender, formosissimum, and superbum, were every thing that could be wished. It was evidently too early for azaleas. The silver medal was gained by Mr. Margottin ; his best flowers were Smithii coccinea, variegata, liliflora, Youngii, and hlacina triumphans. The second prize was awarded to Mr. Durand, for a small collection, consisting of coccinea grandiflora, variegata, Orange pink, liliflora alba, Mazeppa, phoenicea, Danielsii, and two or three others ; to which he added about twenty varieties of A. pontica, of no particular merit. (Gard. Chron. 1846, p. 206.)

Camellia Matteo Malfino

2010-03-19T15:16:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole, vol. 14 (1867) planche 539

Italie

Camellia Vittorio Emanuele II

2010-03-19T15:12:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole, vol. 14 (1867) planche 533

M. Palazzi, de Venise

Camellia Carlotta Peloso

2010-03-19T15:10:00.001-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole vol. 14 (1867) planche 527

Origine italienne reçue 1864

Camellia Angelo Cocchi

2010-03-19T15:06:00.002-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole vol. 14 (1867) planche 518

Italienne

Camellia Constantin Trétiakoff

2010-03-19T14:59:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole vol. 14 (1867) planche 509

sport from Elisa Centurioni

Camellia Roma Risorta

2010-03-19T14:53:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole vol. 13 (1866) planche 465

M. Del Grande, Florence, Italie

Camellia Clodia

2010-03-19T14:50:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole, vol. 13 (1866) planche 473

Italie

Camellia Mariana Talenti

2010-03-19T14:47:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole vol. 13 (1866) planche 483

Italie

Camellia Mistress Dombrain

2010-03-19T14:44:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole vol. 13 (1866) planche 488

M. Van Eeckaute - Ledeberg (lez-Gand)

Camellia Stella Polare

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Illustration Horticole, vol.13 (1866) planche 502

Italie

Camellia Contessa Pasolini

2010-03-19T14:38:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole vol. 12 (1865) planche 461

gagnée par M. Antonelli, à Gènes

Camellia Archiduc Étienne

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L'Illustration Horticole vol. 12 (1865) planche 435

Camellia Dionisia Poniatowski

2010-03-19T14:28:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole, vol. 12 (1865) planche 454

Obtenue dans les jardins de M. le comte de Boutourlin, à Florence

Camellia Adriana

2010-03-19T13:12:00.000-07:00

L'illustration Horticole, vol. 12 (1865) planche 448

Franchetti, 1855, Collezione di Camelie, p.7: Imbricated, bright red, the central petals finely striped with white. Foliage and habit good. Originated in Italy. Orthographic error: 'Adrian'.

Camellia Giuseppe Biasi

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L'Illustration Horticole, vol. 12 (1865) planche 442

Italie

Camellia planipetala

2010-03-19T13:01:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole, vol. 12 (1865) planche 426

Semis - Italie

Camellia Isabella Orsini

2010-03-19T12:56:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole, Vol. 11 (1854) planche 418

gagné par M- César Franchetti, de Florence

Camellia Giardino Schmitz

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L'Illustration Horticole vol. 11 (1864) planche 410

origine italienne

Camellia Alba ornatissima

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L'Illustration Horticole vol. 11 (1864) planche 404

Le plus des Camellias blancs connu jusqu'aujourd'hui? Une perfection parmi les Perfections?

Origine italienne

Camellia Petazzi

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L'Illustration Horticole, vol. 11 (1864) planche 397

Obtenue en Italie

Camellia Ninfa del Tebro

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L'Illustration Horticole, vol. 11 (1864) planche 392

Gagnée par M. Del Grande, Rome. Verschaffelt - Reçu dans l'automne de 1860

Camellia Vicomte de Nieuland

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L'Illustration Horticole vol. 10 (1863) planche 363

un jeu observé sur le C. Marie Thérèse

Camellia Fanny Sanchiolo

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L'Illustration Horticole vol. 10 (1863) planche 382

A. Verschafflet - originaire d'Italie

Camellia Duchesse de Nassau

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L'Illustration Horticole vol. 10 (1863) planche 376

A. Verschaffelt

Camellia Baron de Vrière

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L'Illustration Horticole vol 10 (1863) planche 356

Verschaffelt

Camellia Bella Romana

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L'Illustration Horticole vol. 10 (1863) planche 349

gagné de semis en Italie

Camellia Comte de Toll

2010-03-19T11:54:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole v. 9 (1862) Planche 343

Il est né, en effet, sur un Camellia Comtesse Nencini dans l'établissement A. Verschaffelt

Camellia Comtesse Lavinia Maggi

2010-03-19T11:43:00.000-07:00

L'Illustration Horticole vol. IX (1862) planche 331Qu'il y a loin, Bone Deus! des camellias obtenus dans le second quart de ce XIXe siècle, à ceux gagnés dans le premier? Il y a à peu près des uns aux autres cette différence qu'offre la Rose semi-double sauvage de nos haies (Rosa canina L.) comparée à la Rose des Peintres de nos jardins (Rosa centifolia L. et var. R. muscosa Mill.).

Camellia Comtesse Lavinia Maggi

Elle a été gagnée de semis dans ces derniers temps dans les jardins de M. le comte Onofrio Maggi ...., et a été figurée pour la premier fois dans le Tome XIII de la Flore des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe , p. 59

Camellia Cora L. Barton

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L'Illustration Horticole v.9 (1862) planche 321

Camellia Tricolor Imbricata, Flore Pleno

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Camellia tricolor imbricata plena

gagnée de semis par M. Charles Schmitz, de Florence

MM. E.-G. Henderson et fils, Londres

Illustrated Bouquet (Part. VII, vol. II, nov. 1859)

Camellia Souvenir d'Émile Defresne

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Camellia reticulata var. Flore Pleno

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L'Illustration Horticole, VIII (1861) Planche 306

M. J. Standish mise en commerce l'an dernier (1860)

Camellia Reine des Beautés

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L'Illustration Horticole VIII (1861) planche 299

M. Vervaene, horticulteur à Ledeberg-lez-Gand

Camellia Don Carlos Ferdinando

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L'Illustration Horticole XX (1873) plate CXIX

Le C. Don Carlos Ferdinando, semis portugais, est caracterisé par des fleurs très grandes, d'une imbrication parfaite, à pétales obtus à peine émarginés, disposés en zones rayonnates, d'un beau rouge sang artériel, inclinant au carmin et çá et là tachés à la pointe d'une touche blanc pur.

Les Balisers

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L'Illustration Horticole XX (1873) p. 216

List of Cannas

Choix des plus beaux Camellias figurés dans l'Illustration Horticole

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L'Illustration Horticole, XXI (1874) p.8

Adriana
Alba ornatissima
Angelo Cocchi
archiduc Étienne
Baron de Vries
Bella Romana
Bertha Giglioli
Caprioli
Carlotta Peloso
Caterina Rossi
Clodia
Comte de Toll
Comtesse Tretiakoff
Contessa Tozzoni
Cora L. Barton

La suite prochainement

Camellia Dom Pedro V, Rei de Portugal

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L'Illustration Horticole vol XXI (1874)

Pl. CLVI

CAMELLIA DON PEDRO

CARACTÈRES DE LA VARIÈTÈ : plante de premier order, à rameaux vigoureux, supportant de robustes feuilles largement ovales épaisses dentées en scie et presque crénelés, brievement mucronées : fleurs admirables, imbriques, régulières, à pétales ovales arrondis à court apicule, bien distants, charnus, d'un beau blanc touché légèrement de stries longitudinales rose tendre sur quelques rares divisions ; pétales de la circonférence orbiculaires échancrés ou reniformes. Variété de semis originaire du Portugal.

Camellia 'Formosa Youngii'

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Berlèse Tome II nº 157

CAMELLIA FORMOSA YOUNGII

Il y a dans le commerce plusieurs Camellia qui portant la dénomination de formosa. Celui que nous avons donné dans cet ouvrage est connu sous le double nom de formosa ou formosissima, et ne ressemble point à celui que nous allons décrire.

Le C. formosa de Young est une variété nouvelle qui ne se trouve encore que chez les principaux horticulteurs-marchands. Cet arbrisseau, qui nous parait destiné à rester trapu, a de nombreuses branches allongées, diffuses. L’individu que nous en avons sous les yeux est encore trop jeune pour nous permettre d’en dire davantage.

Les feuilles ont environ 95 millimètres de long sur 50 de large ; elles sont ovales-acuminées, un peu retournées en dessous au sommet, dures, épaisses, luisantes, profondément nervées, dentées en partie, et d’un vert foncé.

Les boutons sont gros, coniques, acuminés, solides, et à écailles jaunâtres.

La fleur est double, anémoniforme, a de 9 à 10 centimètres de diamètre, est d’un rouge foncé presque pourpre, quelquefois rouge uni, quelquefois panachée de blanc. Les pétales de la circonférence, sur trois ou quatre rangs, sont ovales-arrondis, fortement échancrés, largement imbriqués, et vergetés presque tout de blanc. Dans le nombre, il s’en trouve un ou deux moitié blanc, moitié rouge ; ceux du milieu sont fasiculés, étroits, moyens, entremêlés, arrondis, émarginés, et formant un centre large, droit, élevé et sphérique.

Cette variété nous vient de M. Young, de Londres, horticulteur distingué, qui, par son zèle, son talent et sa fortune, a beaucoup contribué à étendre en Europe la culture du Camellia.

Iconographie du genre Camellia, en trois tomes, (Paris, 1841-1843)

OBSERVATIONS ON THE INCREASING TASTE FOR THE CULTIVATION OF SUCCULENTS ... 1836

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THE FLORICULTURAL MAGAZINE AND MISCELLANY OF GARDENING

Nº VII
December, 1836

OBSERVATIONS ON THE INCREASING TASTE FOR THE CULTIVATION OF SUCCULENTS, WITH REMARKS RELATIVE TO SOME OF THE MOST CURIOUS OR INTERESTING SPECIES.
By THE EDITOR.
It is by taking a retrospective view, that we are often the best able to form an opinion of the future; and by applying this principle to Floriculture, we are led to the conclusion, that in the latter there are yet many new features to introduce: nor is the realization of this hope the less probable, if we look to the almost incredible number of recognised species, most of which either are or have been cultivated in this country. In Loudon's Hortus Brilannicus there are upwards of fifty thousand species enumerated; but suppose there were only half this number within the reach of the British florist, he would have but small cause to complain for the want of materials; and should he extend his hopes to the probable importations from foreign climes, he will have still greater reason to be satisfied. Indeed, we can scarcely suppose it possible that the vast floral treasures of North and South America, the East and West Indies, and especially China, can ever be exhausted. Amongst the hardy plants which have already more especially occupied the cultivator's attention, we have Dahlias, Pinks, Carnations, Tulips, Ranunculuses, Hyacinths, Crocus, with many others. In this class the Dahlia is one of comparatively recent introduction, and we may reckon the Pansy still more so. If we turn to those kinds which require the protection of the stove or greenhouse, we have many splendid families
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amongst which, as a large-growing shrub, the Camellia may be first mentioned. There are then Heaths, Geraniums, Calceolarias, and Epiphytes, to the discovery of which the attention of British collectors is at present particularly directed; and as a half-hardy plant, the Chinese Chrysanthemum, when well grown, is not surpassed in beauty by any of the preceding.
Our present purpose, however, is more particularly to notice the rapidly increasing taste for the cultivation of succulents; and here there is an ample field, and one that will well repay the trouble of those who cultivate this most singular and interesting family. Amongst gardeners the term " succulent" comprehends all plants possessing very fleshy stems and leaves : there are, however, many plants which come within the range of this term, that are entirely destitute of the latter; and it may be further remarked, that the excessive accumulation of cellular tissue in plants, and from which the name of "succulent" is derived, is no indication of natural affinity, the same order frequently containing both succulent and woody genera; and besides, the former will be found scattered over several orders having no natural relationship.
In point of interest, the several genera included in the natural order Opuntiaceae: deserve to be first noticed, not only on account of the beauty of the flowers of some of the species, but also on account of the singularly grotesque and fantastic forms assumed by the stems of others. The native country of the genus Cacti is confined to South America; and there the species extend but a short distance on either side of the tropics: to the north they are seldom found beyond latitude 32 deg. C. Opuntia, though comparatively hardy, and apparently indigenous to other parts of the world, is believed to have originated from the same vast continent. The most interesting and scarce species of this genus is C. senilis, of which, however, there are now plants in several collections in this country: last spring we saw two in the stoves of Earl Mountnorris, and the benevolence of that amiable nobleman had suggested to him the idea of removing the crown of one of his plants, with the view of inducing it to produce offsets, by which he might be enabled to contribute plants to other collections. What renders Cactus senilis particularly interesting, is the bundle of silvery white, hair-like spines, which rise from its crown, all shade in the centre, hanging down close to the plant, and several inches in
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length, resembling in a most striking manner the grey hairs of the aged ; hence the name C. senilis, or Old-man Cactus.
Melocactus, or Melon Thistle. This genus is composed of species all of which are more or less orbicular in their form, and in, their appearance not unlike the Melon ; hence the name. Here also is included the Turk's-cap, formerly Cactus Melocactus, but now generally recognised as Melocactus communis. Its appearance is that of an immense-sized green Melon, with deep angles; these are, however, set with strong sharp thorns. In the hothouses in England, imported plants of this species are sometimes seen, measuring as much as a foot or fifteen inches across ; but in the West Indies, specimens of much larger growth are occasionally met with. In cultivation, its progress in growth is so slow, as, in the course of years, to be scarcely perceptible.
Echinocactus, or Hedgehog Cactus. A genus containing a considerable number of species, many of which are of diminutive growth, having a roundish hedgehog appearance. Many recent additions have been made to this genus.
The genus next in order, but which we can only briefly notice, is Mammillaria, scarcely differing from the preceding except in the nipple-like tubercles which cover the stems. The species are for the most part smaller than the preceding, but equally curious and interesting.
Cereus is a genus which contains a greater number of plants usually known as Cactuses, than any of the other genera belonging to the same natural order. Many of these are very stately plants, attaining the height of thirty feet or more; some also bear handsome flowers, such as speciosisshnus, flagelliformis, and others.
In the genus Epiphyllum, or flat-leaved, we have speciosum, with many of the recent ornamental hybrids.
The next genus, Opuntia, or Indian Fig, is extensive, and contains some very tall-growing kinds. It is further remarkable from containing the species on which feeds the true cochineal insect, affording the well-known dye of that name.*
* " On the top of the fruit thero grows a red flower; this, when the fruit is ripe, falls down on the top of it, and covers it so that no rain or dew can wet the inside. A day or two after, the flower being scorched up by the heat of the sun, the fruit opens wide, and the inside appears full of small red insects. The Indians, when they perceive the fruit open, spread a large linen cloth, and then with sticks shake the plant to disturb the insects,' so
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Rhipsalis contains eight or nine species, remarkable only from their round and singularly ramified, or fasciculated, pendulous, Willow-like branches.
Pereskia, or Barbadoes Gooseberry, differs from the preceding genera in the species being of a rather more ligneous nature, and in having perfectly formed leaves. P. aculeata is therefore very often used as a stock, on which many of the other ornamental kinds, such as Epiphyllum speciosum, E. truncatum, &c., are grafted.
Euphorbiace«.—In section 6. (Euphorbiae) of this natural order there are many interesting succulents, confined for the most part to the genera Euphorbia and Pedilanthus. The latter contains but a few species, the most remarkable of which is the singularly formed flower of P. tithymaloides, which has some resemblance to the human foot. It is the former of these genera with which the cultivator is interested : it contains nearly 250 species, and although a large number of them are worthless and insignificant weeds, many others are curious succulents, in appearance resembling the whimsical and grotesque form of some of the Cacti. A few of them are highly ornamental, such as E. punicea, splendens, and Bojeri (see No. VI. p. 138). Poinsettia pulcherrima, although still more shrubby than the preceding, also belongs to the same natural order (see No. II. p. 41). Those species requiring the protection of the stove or greenhouse are mostly natives of the East and West Indies, South America, and the Cape of Good Hope. The medicinal properties of the genus Euphorbia are very powerful, and the powdered roots of E. Ipecacuanha, Gerardiana, and others, have been recommended as substitutes for ipecacuanha. The juice of all the species, when applied internally, is acrid and dangerous : externally it is applied to remove warts, and, dropped into the hollow of a decayed tooth, will allay the pain by destroying the nerve. The celebrated caoutchouc (India rubber) is obtained from a variety of plants belonging to this natural order, such as Jatropha elastica, Hura crepitans, Plukenetia volubilis, Hippomane Mancinella, but most abundantly in the former; and although belonging to a different natural order
that they take wing to be gone, but keep hovering over the plant till by the heat they fall down dead on the cloth, where the Indians let them remain two or three days till they are dry."—Dr. Lindley, in Loudon's Enc. Plants.

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(Urticeae), it is also found in Ficus elastica. The caoutchouc is imported from South America, and is obtained by making incisions in the bark of the tree, and applying the juice whilst in a liquid state to a Pear-shaped clay model. The juice, which is at first of a milky white appearance, is conducted to receivers: the clay model is then covered to a certain thickness with the recent juice, and often tastefully ornamented on the outside with an iron or wooden instrument; after which it is hardened by the heat of the fire, or by being held over a dense smoke. The clay is then softened and removed from the inside, and thus, in the form of small bottles, caoutchouc is generally imported into Europe. This extraordinary natural production was scarcely known in Europe a century ago, and it is but of late that it has begun to be extensively used in the arts and sciences, in which department we believe its varied capabilities are comparatively but little known.
R. M. (to Re Continued.)
[179]
( Continued from page 149.)
The next important family of succulents most deserving of notice are those genera belonging to the natural order Hemerocallideae, of which the genus Aloe may be regarded as the type. To this extensive and interesting tribe, the late Mr. Haworth, of Norwich, paid much attention, both to their cultivation and botanical affinities; and the following genera, constructed by him from species formerly included in the genus Aloe, are now generally recognised by botanists. Mr. Haworth's genera to which we allude are, first, Haworthia, named in honour of himself, and consisting of about a hundred exceedingly smallj but particularly interesting specie3.
Gasteria contains about an equal number of species with the
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last, of rather larger growth, and may be recognised by the curved flowers, and the foliage being often placed in opposite oblique [r]ows.
Bowiea is a small genus, containing but a very few species, of rather diminutive growth.
Apicra. This contains from fifteen to twenty species, seldom attaining more than a few inches in height, with the leaves mostly of a spiral form.
The next in point of numbers is the original genus Aloe, which, according to Mr. Haworth's arrangement, contains between seventy and eighty species, in stature exceeding greatly the preceding genera. The foliage is mostly imbricated ; and some of the species, such as arborescens, purpurascens, and Soccotrina, attain the height of fifteen feet. Many of the preceding, and some of the following genera, may be interesting in the eyes of the botanist, owing to their rarity, or other circumstances; but the genus Aloe contains species of immense importance to the inhabitants of those countries in which they abound, entering into nearly every branch of their domestic economy. We are told that, in the kingdom of Mexico, the inhabitants use a species of this genus for forming hedges to inclosures, the stems of which supply beams for the roofs of their houses, and the leaves answer instead of tiles. Some parts of them are eaten, others applied as medicine, whilst from their juices sugar, wine, and vinegar are manufactured, and from the ligneous fibres of the leaves is obtained thread, cordage, and various articles of clothing. From a species of the same genus the inhabitants of Jamaica manufacture stockings, hammocks, bow-strings, and fishing-lines. It is probably from the stem of the same kind that the Hottentots construct for themselves quivers for their arrows. In medicine, A. vulgaris and A. Soccotrina are the species of most importance, and are extensively cultivated in the West India islands, especially Barbadoes, from whence is obtained the hepatic aloes chiefly used for horses. Aloes cultivated for medicine are invariably grown on poor soil; and the drug known by that name is obtained from the juice of the leaves, being expressed, and afterwards inspissated, by exposure to heat in copper boilers, placed over slow fires, till it acquires the consistence of honey. It is then poured into calabashes, or gourd shells, inwhich it is exported to England, and other parts of Eu-
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-rope. It is found that the resinous part of the juice of aloes is insoluble in water, and is therefore employed in hot climates as a preservative to ship bottoms against the attacks of marine insects, and in eastern countries in embalming, to preserve dead bodies from putrefaction. Wood placed under water is preserved from decay by a mixture of white lead, turpentine, tallow, and aloes; and an extensive mountainous district, about sixty miles north of the Cape of Good Hope, is wholly covered with an arborescent species of this genus.
Agava is a well-known genus, belonging to Bromeliaceae, and contains about fifteen species, the most remarkable of which is the A. Americana, or American Aloe, to which popular error has ascribed the honour of flowering but once in a hundred years. We can conceive it quite possible that, by particular treatment, the flowering of this plant may be protracted to fifty, or even a hundred years : but we are equally confident that, whenever it is made an object of careful cultivation, it will flower at intervals of seven or ten years. The average height of the flower-steins of those plants which occasionally flower in this country may be reckoned at about twenty feet; but they often grow to a greater height; and we have an account of one that flowered in the gardens of the King of Prussia, the flower-stem of which attained the unusual height of forty feet. In Spain, Portugal, and Italy, the American Aloe is used as a hedge-plant for separating inclosures. In Algarva, the juice of the leaves is made into cakes, and used as a substitute for soap, by which lather can be procured as well with salt water as with fresh. Thread, cordage, and clothing are manufactured from the fibres of the leaves, but they are not durable, especially when exposed to wet.
Pachidendron consists of about fifteen or twenty species, averaging about ten feet in height.
Rhipidodendron is a still smaller genus than the last, containing only two species, the type of which we may consider the Fan Aloe, often met with in collections, and still best known as Aloe plicatilis. It attains the height of six or eight feet, mostly branched, at the extremities of which are disposed the leaves, representing a fan ; hence the name of Fan Aloe. In reference to this plant, we will mention a circumstance which has just come to our recollection ; it will help to illustrate the tenacity of life displayed by this
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plant—a principle common to all succulents, when preserved from damp. The circumstance to which we allude occurred at Bretton Hall, in April 1832. Whilst preparing for the sale of plants which took place there at the time just mentioned, a plant of this Aloe, about five feet in height, and much branched, was carried in mistake to the lots intended for sale. Its immense weight suggested to those employed in this operation, the necessity of transporting it by means of a slang, or rail, placed under the stem, close to the surface of the pot. By this mode of carriage, and by suffering the plant to turn several times over whilst the stem was resting on the stick, the whole of the bark was so much injured as to entirely decay for several inches up the stem. The decayed parts were afterwards carefully cut away, and in this state it remained for about twelve months, when it was discovered to be emitting roots from the lower edge of the live bark. These roots, in about twelve months more, reached the soil in the pot; and the plant, when we last saw it (a few months ago), was quite vigorous ; nor, indeed, did the accident which we have just described produce any perceptible effect on the health of the plant.
Stapelia. Another extensive tribe of succulents, belonging to the natural order Asclepiadeae, and although characterised by the closest generic affinity, as also by uniformity of habit and general appearance, they have been made by Mr. Haworth to constitute the following genera. In this instance, however, the propriety of his generic divisions is far less obvious than in the case of the Aloes. In respect to both, he has been followed by some, whilst others have entirely disapproved of his arrangements. The genera are—Stapelia, Orbea, Gonostemon, Podanthes, Tridentea, Tromotriche, Hurnia, Duvallia, Obesia, Caruncularia, Piaranthus, Pictinaria, Brachystelma, and Caralluma. Four of these are genera of the late Mr. R. Brown, but the others are those of Mr. Haworth. With the exception of Caralluma, which is from the East Indies, all these genera are natives of the Cape of Good Hope, and the greater part were discovered by Mr. Masson, a collector sent out from the Royal Gardens at Kew about the beginning of the present century. It is said S. pilifera is eaten by the Dutch settlers at the Cape; but as an article of food, even to the Hottentots, they may be regarded as worthless; nor do they possess any known property for which they can be considered
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valuable, excepting in so far as they are objects of ornament. The flowers of all are curious, some are ornamental, and in many the smell is exceedingly offensive, representing the odour of animal matter in an advanced state of decay. This is often so powerful as to present us with one of those rare instances, which we are apt to attribute to mistaken instinct; but our limited comprehensions and acquaintance with those laws by which the insect world is governed, will perhaps best account for our presuming to suspect the existence of some derangement or defect in those laws, merely because we observe Musca vomitoria, or the common flesh-fly, depositing its eggs on the disk of those Stapelia flowers whose scent most resembles that of tainted flesh ; and this we state without being prepared to prove that the Stapelia flower is a substance unsuited to protect the eggs, or nourish the larvae, of this insect.
We shall conclude this paper in the next Number, with some remarks on the cultivation of succulents.
R. M.
[197]
( Concluded from page 183.)
We have already protracted our observations on succulents to a much greater length than at first contemplated; but in this we shall probably be forgiven, since the cultivation of this interesting class of plants does already occupy the attention of cultivators, and we doubt not they will soon form an important feature in the cultivation of house plants.
There are still a few genera which we wish to notice, but this shall be done very briefly;
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Sempervivum is an interesting genus, and contains about forty species, some of which are familiar to most persons—such as S. tectorurm, or common house-leek, often seen on the roofs of houses. In the North of Scotland, the extent of the healing properties of this species remains to be discovered; it is therefore applied to all kinds of external wounds and sores whatever; it is also applied to remove corns. This, together with ten or twelve others, are hardy; the remainder are green-house. S. tabulaefornie, or table plant, as it is generally called, is a curious species, with a single stein, bearing a series of imbricated leaves; the lower ones the longest, and set so close together, that they present on the upper side a smooth surface, the whole having the appearance of a round table, hence the popular name table plant.
Mesembryanthemum, or Fig Marigold, belongs to the natural order Ficoideae, which in point either of numbers or the beauty of their flowers, rank the foremost among succulents. The genus contains nearly 450 species, and this has also undergone the skilful investigation of the late Mr. Haworth, by whom they have been arranged in sections, known by some obvious character either in the leaves or stem, common to each of these classes or divisions.
Crassula.—Natural order Crassulaceae, contains from 40 to 60 species, of which some are ornamental and others curious.
Kalosanthus and Larochea are genera consisting chiefly of species formerly included in the genus Crassula, and in the former of these are now placed two very ornamental species, long known as crassula versicolor and coccinea. There are four other genera of succulents, Turgosia, Globulea, Curtogyne, Vauanthes, which also belong to Crassulaceae.
Besides the preceding there are many other genera containing a greater or less number of species, properly deserving to be classed as succulents, but to enumerate all would occupy more space than we can afford. We shall, therefore, content ourselves with mentioning the following, being the most worthy of cultivation, namely, Cotyledon, Echeveria, Bryophyllum, and Portulaca.
Every step which the student advances in the investigation of vegetable physiology, supplies him with additional proof that all organized beings, whether animals or vegetables, and wherever in the endless variety of conditions or situation they are detected, if placed there by the hand of nature, are ever found to be
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adapted to that particular situation. Thus we find in the richer meadows of our own country, the oak and the birch, raising their lofty heads to the height of seventy or eighty feet; whilst on the summits of many of our native hills they scarcely attain the stature of an ordinary sized gooseberry bush. Again in the deserts and more arid parts of Africa, the whole of the vegetables there produced may be described as consisting of little else than bulbs and succulents. We, therefore, perceive that were it even possible for the oak or the birch to appear in their usual magnitude on the summits of our loftiest mountains, they would be immediately torn up by the violence of the storms; and likewise in those sterile plains of Africa, could they be clothed with gramineous herbs, every blade would speedily be destroyed by the parching droughts of summer; and yet there is no part of any extent hitherto explored on the face of the globe, unadorned with plants either peculiar to itself or such as are common in other altitudes, but modified and adapted to their present situation. We have also been recently informed by those who have long resided in Africa, that in those districts where the herbage chiefly consists of succulent plants, they are valuable to the farmer, affording throughout the dry season a supply of food for his sheep and goats.
From the peculiar construction of the cuticle of succulent plants, they are capable of existing and even flourishing under circumstances which would prove speedy destruction to many other plants, and from this property they become objects of the easiest cultivation; and are, therefore, of all other plants the very best adapted to be grown in the windows of dwelling-houses, or in the greenhouses of those whose attendance in watering, &c, is sometimes interrupted. To the amateur who possesses a small greenhouse, and is at the same time his own gardener, we know of no class of plants possessing equal interest in which, when compared with succulents, twice the amount of labour would not be required in their cultivation. During the autumn and winter months, if allowed air during mild weather, they will seldom need any other attendance, except to examine them once or twice a month as to whether they require water. The stove kinds, such as Cactuses and Euphorbias being kept in a higher temperature will of course require more frequent attendance.
We shall now conclude this paper with a brief summary of the
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treatment suited to the several genera noticed in the preceding papers on succulents, (see p. 145—179) :—
Cactus, (p. 146.)—Stove. To be grown in a sandy loam, the pots to be well drained with pieces of broken pot. The loam must be quite dry before it is used and made very firm in the pot.
Melocactus, or Melon Thistle, (p. 147.)—Stove. The same treatment.
Echinocactus, or Hedgehog Cactus, (p. 147.)—Store. The same treatment.
Mammillaria, (p. 147.)—Stove. The same treatment.
Cereus, (p. 147.)—Stove. Grandiflora, or night-blowing Cereus, when grown as a portable plant in a pot, should be trained to crooked pieces of oak sticks fastened together according as the plant may require.
Epiphyllum, (p. 147.)—Stove. This is by far the handsomest genus, and may be grown in loam with a mixture of well decomposed manure and sand. They should be kept in the stove during the spring, while in flower, and until they have made their shoots, and then set out of doors till autumn, and again placed in a warm part of the greenhouse during the winter.
Opuntia, or Indian Fig, (p. 147.)—Stove. The same treatment as Cactus.
Rhipsalis, (p. 148.)—Stove. The same treatment as Cactus.
Pereskia, or Barbadoes Gooseberry, (p. 148.)—Stove. The same treatment as Epiphyllum.
Euphorbia, (p. 148.)—Stove. The same treatment as Cactus.
Pedilanthus, Slipper Plant, (p. 148.)—Stove. This will also succeed with the same treatment as the Cactuses, and is particularly well adapted for training against a trellis or the back wall of the stove.
Haworthia, (p. 179.)—Greenhouse. These do well in equal quantities of loam, sand, and peat earth, which ought at all times to be dry when used, with the pots well drained, and the soil made very firm and hard, in order that the roots may enjoy a medium susceptible of but little change in regard to moisture.
The above treatment is also applicable to the three following genera, viz:—Gasteria, (p. 179.)—Greenhouse; Boiviea, (p. 180.)—Greenhouse; Apicra, (p. 180.)—Greenhouse.
Aloe, (p. 180.)—Greenhouse. The larger species of this
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genera may be grown in a little stronger loam, with rather less peat.
Agava, (p. 181.)—Greenhouse. If required to be grown rapidly will succeed in equal parts of loam, sand, peat earlh, and decomposed manure, with plenty of pot room.
Pachidendron, (p. 181.)—Greenhouse. Will thrive with the same treatment.
Rhipidodendron, (p. 181.)—Greenhouse. Equal parts, loam, peat earth, and sand.
Stapelia, (p. 182.)—Stove. This with the thirteen following genera, which may be regarded as sections only of the genus Stapelia, will all thrive in equal quantities of peat earth, loam and sand :—Orbea, (p. 182) ; Gonostemon, (p. 182) ; Podanthes, (p. 182) ; Tridentea, (p. 182); Tromotriche, (p. 182); Huernia, (p. 182) ; Duvallia, (p. 182); Obesia, (p. 182) ; Caruncularia, (p. 182) ; Piaranthus, (p. 182) ; Pectinaria, (p. 182) ; Brachystelma, (p. 182) ; Caralluma, (p. 182s).
Sempervioum, (p. 198.)—Greenhouse. This requires the same treatment as Aloe.
Mesembryanthemum, (p. 198 )—Greenhouse. The same soil as the above, but the freer growing kinds must be kept in small pots, five inches across, in which they generally flower more freely than if in larger ones.
Crassula, (p. 198.)—Greenhouse. This, but more especially the following, are both very ornamental genera, and will grow and flower freey in equal portions of loam, sand, peat earth, and well decomposed manure.
Kalosanthes, (p. 198.)—Greenhouse.
Larochea, (p. 198.)—Greenhouse. Will grow freely with the same treatment as the preceding.
Turgosia, (p. 198.)—Greenhouse. This and the five following genera, succeed well, treated in the same way as the Aloe. Globulea, (p. 198) ; Curtogyne, (p. 198); Vauanthes, (p. 198) ; Cotyledon, (p. 198) ; Echeveria, (p. 198).
Bryophyllum, (p. 198.)—Stove. Equal parts of well decomposed manure, peat earth, and sand.
Portulaca, (p. 198.)—Stove. The same treatment.
In the cultivation of succulent plants, the chief thing to guard against is too much moisture at their roots. If this be too freely
[202]
applied the roots and lower parts of the stem are apt to decay; but on the contrary we do not, during our own experience, remember even a single instance of a succulent plant having died from the want of water. A person having a collection of succulents under his care, might visit the metropolis of Scotland or England, or even both, and yet return in time to water his plants. In the autumn of 1835, a stem of Epiphyllum speciosa, was accidentally broken from a plant in this garden, and was thrown aside in the stove. In the course of January or February, 1836, it was laid on the leaves of Cycas revoluta, where it remained between two and three months, and in this situation it also produced two perfect full sized flowers.
On the 10th of March, 1835, we saw in Mr. Richardson's shop, Orchard-street, Sheffield, a piece of a shoot of Aloe arborescens, suspended from the ceiling, with the cut end enveloped in a piece of sail cloth; it was quite firm, and growing. It had been in this situation since the preceding July, and Mr. R. informed us that it had been twelve months in a similar situation in a shop in Liverpool, and also in the same cloth, which was however coated with vegetable tar. No water had ever been applied.
To feel both surprised and delighted with this curious and interesting tribe of plants, it is only necessary to visit the splendid collection now forming at Chatsworth. We cannot easily forget the impression produced on our mind in walking through the succulent house at that princely place, in October last. We understand that the collection of succulents at the Duke of Bedford's, Woburn Abbey, is now the finest in England.
R.M. [Robert Marnock]

Camellia Orando Ko

2010-03-11T10:28:00.000-08:00

Introduced 1725

http://www.camelliaweb.com

Camellia japonica 'Imbricata Magna'

2010-03-09T10:50:00.000-08:00

Photographed at Monserrate 9th March, 2010
(c) Gerald Luckhurst

A large and very old camellia tree growing above the rose garden. As yet unidentified it complies with the following description:

Verschaffelt, 1856, Nouvelle Iconographie, Book VII, pl. IV

We have been growing this Camellia for several years. It blooms each spring both profusely and easily, and has proven invariable.We received it from Italy. Without being, for amateurs, a Camellia of the highest order, it is very peculiar because of its enormous petals, which are not numerous, well imbricated, of a vivid rose colour, with a broad, pure white median stripe. The petals of the centre are close together and hooded.

The international camellia register: Supplement to volumes one and two

Thomas James Savige, International Camellia Society

p. 873 Imbricata Magna Verschaffelt, 1844-1845, Catalogue p.25, Van Houtte Catalogue 1845-1846, 23:6 Imbricated, very full, rose.

Orthographic errors: 'Imbricated Maha', 'Imbricata Magno', Synonym 'Emilia Scotti'

Web Camellia Register

Camellia 'Federici'

2010-03-07T14:26:00.001-08:00

Camellia japonica 'Federici'

Verschaffelt Catalogue, 1849-1850, p.46. No description; Fratelli Rovelli, 1852, Catalogue, p.18: Imbricated, clear red. Fickle. Franchetti, 1855, Collezione di Camelie, p.30: Imbricated in a spiral, veined bright rose, becoming bluish with age. Verschaffelt,1859, Nouvelle Iconographie, Book VIII, pl.III: Originated by F. Mariani, Genoa., Italy. Flowers 10 cm in diameter with full serried heart and large, rounded, hooded petals resembling the full garden anemone. Colour a deep, blood red, quite dark when the bloom is half open. Originated in Italy. Orthographic errors: 'Frederici', 'Fredrici'. Federico Alba Vera. Luzzatti Catalogue, 1853.

Jardin Camille Dognin

2010-03-06T05:06:00.000-08:00

Jardin d'agrément de la villa Valetta à Cannes (06)
Catégorie : Jardin d'agrémentaire d'étude : Cannes centreadresse : Métropole (boulevard) 71édifice contenant : villa Valettaparties constituantes : kiosque ; jardin d'agrément (étudié) ; miroir d'eau ; goulette de jardin ; bassin ; fontaine ; fausse rivière ; étang ; île artificielle ; avenue de jardin ; entrée de jardin ; conciergerieépoque de construction : 3e quart 19e siècle ; 2e quart 20e siècleauteur(s) : Dognin Camille (auteur commanditaire)Riffaud (jardinier)Lambourg (jardinier)Guillin (jardinier)Le Bel Léon (architecte)Lavigne (paysagiste)personnalité(s) : Falbe Christian, veuve (habitant célèbre)Hachette Louis (commanditaire)historique : Jardin créé vers 1875 par Camille Dognin, industriel lyonnais, pour lui-même, avec son chef-jardinier Riffaud, puis amélioré par Lavigne, paysagiste lyonnais, sans doute vers 1879. Avant son décès en 1888 C. Dognin en cède la partie sud à Gaston Menier, qui fait démolir le pont de liaison au-dessus du chemin de Mauvarre, pour y construire sa villa Camille-Amélie (IA06000701) . Le parc très réputé contient alors une admirable collection de plantes exotiques, notamment toute la gamme des cactées, 50 ans avant le jardin exotique de Monaco. Riffaud est remplacé par Lambourg en 1890 auquel succède Guillin en 1906. Les héritiers de Dognin vendent la propriété à Mme veuve Christian Falbe qui fait analyser ses terrains en 1903. Dans les années 1930 Louis Hachette, nouveau propriétaire, rénove le parc longtemps négligé, simplifie ses tracés et y fait ajouter des compositions régulières dans le goût méditerranéen. Réunie à celle du château Saint-Michel (IA06000456) , la propriété a été dénaturée en 1958, mais conserve des éléments.description : Jardin paysager de 1, 9 ha avec de nombreux végétaux exotiques dont de remarquables dracaenas et 32 pritchardias, considérés comme les plus beaux de Cannes, disposés en groupes et bosquets sur des pièces de gazon bordés de plates-bandes fleuries autour de la maison tapissée de glycines, auxquelles on ajouta des bougainvillées. De part et d' autre convergent 2 avenues bordées de gazons talutés et de groupes et rangées de palmiers habillés de rosiers grimpants. Le relief très vallonné et rocheux sert de cadre à des scènes tropicales. Vers l' est, une allée régulière bordée de cyprès qui remplace des allées sinueuses conduit à un point de vue entouré de balustrades, centré sur un bassin avec une fontaine à 3 vasques. A proximité, une mare avec une cascade et une île. Une fausse rivière se jette dans une autre mare. Vers 1930 des allées sont supprimées et les plantations aérées. De nouveaux aménagements réguliers dessinés à la manière italienne, le principal est étudié séparément, accompagnent la grande allée de cyprès qui a pris du corps. On la prolonge à l' emplacement d' une pépinière par une perspective en escalier encadrée de cyprès et relevée à son extrémité par une oeuvre décorative. Au sud du point de vue est tracé un parterre régulier compartimenté.plan : jardin irrégulierdécor : sculpturereprésentation : urne ; fruitDes urnes de pierre bondées de fruits ornent l' hémicycle du jardin italien.état : vestigespropriété privéedate protection MH : édifice non protégé MHtype d'étude : recensement du patrimoine balnéairedate d'enquête : 1987

rédacteur(s) : Fray FrançoisN° notice : IA06000669

La villa Thuret, 1889

2010-03-06T02:16:00.000-08:00

Henry L. de Vilmorin,

Non loin des embouchures du Var, entre le golfe Jouan et la baie de Nice, s’étend vers
le sud une langue de terre presque complètement entourée par les eaux bleues de la
Méditerranée : c’est la presqu’île ou cap d’Antibes, un des sites les plus gracieux de la côte de
Provence, si riche pourtant en beautés naturelles. Du sommet des mamelons dont se hérisse la
surface rocheuse et ondulée de la presqu’île, l’oeil découvre un des plus admirables paysages
qu’il soit possible de contempler. Tournant le dos à la haute mer, on voit devant soi les plis du
terrain s’élever les uns par-dessus les autres, revêtus au premier plan de la verdure cendrée
des oliviers, puis de bois sombres qui dominent au loin des crêtes âpres et dénudées. A
gauche, derrière les îles de Lérins, le massif de l’Estérel profile sur le ciel ses sommets
élégamment découpés, et à droite, par-dessus la ligne blanche des constructions de Nice, se
dressent les hauts sommets des Alpes couverts de neige pendant les trois quarts de l’année. Ce
rempart de hauteurs garantit la campagne d’Antibes des vents glacés du Nord ; la mer qui
l’environne y entretient un climat exceptionnellement doux et égal. En même temps l’air y est
plus chargé d’humidité que sur la plupart des autres points de la côte, où l’extrême chaleur est
achetée au prix d’une sécheresse excessive. Le sol, conquis sur le rocher par un travail
séculaire, est riche et profond ; les nombreuses plantations d’orangers dont le cap est parsemé
indiquent bien que la localité est éminemment propre à la culture de cette catégorie
nombreuse de végétaux, ligneux ou herbacés, qu’on réunit sous la dénomination générale de
plantes d’orangerie.
C’est la beauté incomparable de la vue dont on y jouit qui fixa au cap d’Antibes
Monsieur Gustave Thuret, amené sur les côtes de Provence par l’état de sa santé. En 1856, il
choisit, pour l’emplacement de sa future résidence d’hiver, un terrain situé vers le milieu de la
presqu’île, au pied du monticule qui porte le sanctuaire de Notre-Dame d’Antibes et le phare
de la Garoupe, terrain s’élevant d’un côté jusqu’à l’arête qui forme la limite entre les deux
versants et s’abaissant de là par des pentes assez rapides dans la direction du Nord-Est, vers la
ville d’Antibes et le golfe de Nice. Une addition faite un peu plus tard à la propriété l’étendit
jusqu’aux terres basses et fraîches de la Salis, où sont situés les principaux jardins maraîchers
d’Antibes. Plusieurs des propriétés qui avoisinent la villa Thuret peuvent donner l’idée de ce
qu’elle était alors. Des champs de médiocre étendue dans les parties relativement planes, des
terrasses superposées partout où la pente du sol était plus accusée, le tout planté en vignes et
en cultures morcelées, avec des lignes d’oliviers bordant les champs et les terrasses.
Le terrain, une fois choisi, fut promptement transformé. L’emplacement de
l’habitation fut marqué sur le point culminant ; les terrasses firent place à des pentes douces
ou rapides, mais toujours harmonieuses. Homme de goût en toutes choses, doué d’un
penchant héréditaire pour le jardinage dans toutes ses formes les plus artistiques, connaissant
de vue les plus beaux jardins de la France, de l’Angleterre, de l’Italie et de l’Orient, Monsieur
Gustave Thuret chercha dans la création de sa résidence d’Antibes à tirer le meilleur parti des
beautés pittoresques du pays encadrées dans une végétation appropriée aux sites ; on peut
même dire qu’au début la préoccupation artistique et pittoresque domina pour lui toutes les
autres.
Mais, savant botaniste et véritable amateur de plantes, il ne pouvait tarder à apprécier
les avantages du climat d’Antibes au point de vue de la formation d’une sorte de musée
végétal des plantes provenant de pays analogues par leur température aux rivages français de
la Méditerranée.
Quand il se fixa à Antibes, Monsieur Gustave Thuret avait quarante ans. Héritier d’un
nom respecté, possesseur d’une belle fortune, il n’avait d’autre ambition que de consacrer le
reste de sa vie aux études scientifiques auxquelles il se livrait depuis sa jeunesse. Ce qu’il
demandait avant tout à sa nouvelle résidence, c’était la retraite en compagnie de bons amis, lecalme, le loisir au milieu des sujets d’étude que lui offraient son jardin et les rochers de la
côte ; c’était aussi des aspects gracieux et des points de vue variés, lui permettant de satisfaire
sans fatigue son goût prononcé pour les grands spectacles de la nature.
Pendant que dans un coin du jardin étaient plantés des pins parasols destinés à former
voûte au-dessus de l’échappée par où l’on voit Nice couronnée de pics neigeux et se reflétant
dans l’azur foncé de la mer, d’autres tableaux gracieux ou sévères étaient ménagés en avant
de la terrasse qui règne des deux côtés de l’habitation, et du rez-de-chaussée même de celle-ci
la vue pouvant s’étendre sur les deux golfes, tous deux si beaux, quoique de caractères si
différents. Les diverses parties du jardin étaient ensuite disposées, chacun avec son caractère
spécial, en vue des groupes de plantes qui s’adaptaient le mieux à chaque exposition
différente.
Dans le Midi, la plantation d’un jardin n’est pas chose aussi simple que dans nos pays
plus frais des environs de Paris. Les sécheresses terribles de l’été, les intempéries irrégulières
de l’hiver, les vents violents en toute saison, sont des obstacles contre lesquels on ne lutte pas
toujours heureusement. Une des conditions essentielles du succès, c’est la création d’abris
sous la protection desquels les végétaux délicats peuvent se développer et acquérir assez de
force pour résister ensuite au vent et aux coups de soleil. Les oliviers sont, à ce point de vue,
des arbres précieux : leur feuillage rare et léger tamise la lumière plutôt qu’il ne l’arrête ; il
empêche l’excessif rayonnement nocturne sans retenir l’eau des pluies, et en même temps
leurs racines n’épuisent pas assez le sol pour qu’on ne puisse cultiver d’autres plantes à leur
pied. Tous les oliviers qui existaient sur la propriété, sauf ceux qui se rencontraient sur le
passage des allées, furent donc conservés avec soin et existent encore pour la plupart. Dans
les portions découvertes l’abri fut constitué au moyen de chênes verts et de pins d’Alep,
arbres rustiques et d’une végétation plus rapide que celle de l’olivier.
Sous ces plantations, destinées à disparaître, après avoir rempli leur rôle de protection
temporaire, furent installés, dans un heureux mélange qui n’excluait pas l’ordre ni la méthode,
les divers genres de plantes vivaces et d’arbustes à feuillage persistant et à floraison hivernale.
Il était inutile, en effet, de planter dans une propriété habitée seulement d’octobre en mai des
végétaux fleurissant en été, et, quant aux arbres et arbustes à feuilles caduques, leur mélange
avec ceux à feuillage persistant eût été du plus malheureux effet, en suggérant l’idée
d’arbres morts au milieu d’autres pleins de vie.
Petit à petit vinrent se grouper dans le jardin Thuret les plus beaux palmiers rustiques
de l’ancien et du nouveau monde ; une collection choisie de Cycadées ; la plupart des acacias
de l’Australie et de la Nouvelle-Zélande ; les Eucalyptus, les Pittosporum, les Rhus, les
Bougainvillea ; les passiflores et les Tasconia ; les diverses espèces d’orangers et de
citronniers ; puis les innombrables Protéacées, Grevillea, Hakea, Banksia, ainsi que de
nombreuses espèces d’agave et d’aloès, de Sedum et de Mesembrianthemum. Des conifères,
pins, sapins, cyprès, Araucaria, y trouvaient aussi leur place, et sous l’ombre épaisse de leur
feuillage se détachaient gaiement les fleurs éclatantes des Tecoma ou des rosiers grimpants et
celles des innombrables anémones dont les gazons étaient et sont encore émaillés.
Il faut se souvenir qu’à l’époque où Monsieur Thuret créait son jardin, il n’avait pas
encore de modèle à suivre sur cette côte où l’horticulture a fait depuis lors de si grands
progrès. De rares constructions faites isolément par des voyageurs et des marins donnaient
bien déjà quelques indications sur les plantes qui convenaient le mieux au climat, mais en
somme, presque tous les essais étaient à faire. C’est principalement par la voie des semis que
le jardin de Monsieur Thuret a été peuplé, et les espèces à essayer étaient choisies le plus
souvent sur les indications des Flores ou des grands ouvrages de botanique horticole, comme
le Botanical magazine et la Flore des serres et des jardins. Beaucoup provenaient d’échanges
faits avec les jardins botaniques et d’envois du muséum d’histoire naturelle de Paris.
Toutes ne réussissaient pas, et les registres, admirablement tenus, des expériences
faites accusent un chiffre d’insuccès à peu près égal à celui des résultats heureux. Il serait fortintéressant d’en avoir la liste, dont la connaissance dispenserait bien des amateurs du littoral
de recommencer en pure perte des essais longs et coûteux.
Au bout de quelques années, la transformation de la propriété en un jardin féerique
était complète. Les arbres du pourtour avaient grandi, formant une muraille de verdure qui
l’isolait de tout voisinage immédiat, et en faisait, suivant l’expression de Georges Sand, qui a
consacré à la description du jardin Thuret une page admirable1, un vallon fermé par delà les
bords boisés duquel on ne voyait que la Méditerranée et la chaîne des Alpes. Pour le
voyageur, amateur des beautés naturelles, la villa Thuret était dès lors une merveille ; pour le
botaniste, c’était un écrin précieux renfermant des trésors.
C’est que le créateur de ce beau domaine, en même temps qu’il cherchait à étendre ses
collections, se préoccupait avec raison de les tenir toujours dans l’ordre le plus parfait et
d’avoir toutes ses plantes correctement nommées. L’étude de tous les catalogues botaniques et
commerciaux, la comparaison de chaque plante reçue ou obtenue de semis avec la description
et les figures authentiques, l’étiquetage définitif de chaque végétal mis en place, la révision
annuelle des collections, constituaient un travail considérable, surtout si l’on réfléchit qu’il
s’ajoutait à ces recherches laborieuses sur les algues qui ont fait de tant de communications
intéressantes. Le temps ni les forces d’un seul homme n’auraient pas suffi à cette double
tâche.
Heureusement Monsieur Gustave Thuret avait auprès de lui le savant collaborateur et
l’ami dévoué, compagnon fidèle de sa vie et de ses travaux, Monsieur le docteur Edmond
Bornet, que la société de botanique était heureuse, l’année dernière, de saluer comme son
président. Le travail commun se divisait entre les deux amis, aussi instruits, aussi judicieux,
aussi scrupuleusement exacts l’un que l’autre, et, grâce à ce concours soutenu de deux
intelligences d’élite, l’oeuvre commune progressait constamment, aussi bien dans le domaine
de la science pure que dans celui de la botanique expérimentale et de l’horticulture
scientifique. La très grande part personnelle prise par Messieurs Thuret et Bornet à tous les
travaux de création et d’entretien des collections explique comment un résultat aussi complet
a pu être obtenu relativement à aussi peu de frais ; tellement, qu’en admirant leur création
commune, on ne sait si l’on doit s’étonner davantage de la perfection de l’oeuvre, ou de la
simplicité et de la modicité des moyens employés pour l’accomplir.
Mais, hélas ! Rien n’est complètement durable en ce monde. Après avoir fait de son
jardin un des joyaux du littoral ; après y avoir reçu la visite de nombreux savants français et
étrangers, de voyageurs illustres et d’amateurs distingués devant qui s’ouvraient
gracieusement les portes fermées seulement à la curiosité banale, Monsieur Thuret fut enlevé
presque subitement, le 10 mai 1875, à l’affection de sa famille et de ses amis et à la sympathie
universelle du monde scientifique.
Il n’entre pas dans notre plan de redire le tribut de louanges qui fut payé alors dans
toute l’Europe à son mérite et à son caractère. Plusieurs voix s’élevèrent alors, mais aucune
avec plus d’autorité que celle de son ami et collaborateur Monsieur le docteur Bornet2, pour
faire connaître le large esprit et le grand coeur de celui qui, modeste autant que savant, venait
de mourir presque inconnu de son public, sauf de quelques intimes qui voyaient en lui un
maître. Certes sa mémoire fut alors dignement honorée ; mais l’hommage le plus éclatant et le
plus honorable ne lui fut rendu que plus tard, lorsque sa famille et ses amis, réunis dans une
même pensée de pieux souvenir et de dévouement à la science, assurèrent la perpétuité de sa
belle création, voilà le plus beau monument qu’on pouvait élever au botaniste et au savant.
C’est ce qui fut fait.
Monsieur Thuret avait dans sa famille une personne d’un esprit élevé et ouvert aux
grandes choses. Madame Henri Thuret, éloignée de Paris par les funestes événements del’année 1870, avait passé l’hiver de la guerre à Antibes, du mois de décembre au mois d’avril,
au milieu des riches collections, alors dans tout leur éclat, de la propriété de son beau-frère.
L’impression produite sur elle par cette création fut profonde et durable ; aussi, quand cinq
ans plus tard on put craindre que la villa Thuret, passant des mains du frère de son fondateur
dans celles d’étrangers, ne vint à être perdue pour les études botaniques et horticoles, Madame
Henri Thuret pensa-t-elle immédiatement à assurer la conservation de ce monument des
travaux et des recherches de son beau-frère.
Après qu’on eut essayé de diverses combinaisons successivement abandonnées, des
négociations furent entamées avec le Ministère de l’instruction publique en vue de
l’acquisition de la propriété par l’Etat et de sa transformation en un établissement d’études
supérieures. Mais le Ministre d’alors, ménagers des deniers de l’Etat, hésitait à entreprendre
une création qui impliquait une charge pour le budget. C’est alors que Madame Henri Thuret
fit don de la somme nécessaire pour acheter la villa Thuret, somme fixée à 200 000 francs, et
ne laissa de la sorte au Ministre que la charge des dépenses annuelles de personnel et
d’entretien. Il fallut de longues et patientes négociations pour mener l’affaire à bonne fin.
Monsieur le docteur Bornet, que l’on trouve toujours quand il s’agit de bien à faire ou de
services à rendre, s’y employa plus que personne ; enfin, grâce à la bienveillance de Monsieur
du Mesnil, directeur de l’enseignement supérieur, toutes les difficultés furent successivement
levées. Un traité définitif fut signé le 24 octobre 1877, faisant de la villa Thuret un
établissement de l’Etat sous le titre de Laboratoire d’enseignement supérieur, attaché comme
annexe à l’enseignement des chaires de botanique et de culture des Facultés et du Muséum
d’histoire naturelle de Paris, et la dotation dut accepter par décret du 8 novembre 1877, inséré
au Journal officiel du 10 du même mois.
Délégué provisoirement dans la fonction de directeur du nouvel établissement,
Monsieur le docteur Bornet fut chargé de prendre possession de la villa Thuret au nom du
Ministre de l’instruction publique, de l’organiser à nouveau et d’en préparer le règlement. Sur
sa demande, il fut relevé de cette fonction aussitôt que la maison fut prête à recevoir son
directeur définitif. Mais en quittant la villa, il ne se désintéressa point de ce qui s’y passait. Il
savait que le laboratoire était bien dépourvu, qu’on n’y trouvait ni bibliothèque, ni herbier.
Héritier des livres et des collections de Monsieur Thuret, il sut, malgré ses goûts de
bibliophile, en détacher un choix d’ouvrages magnifiques de botanique illustrée (356 volumes
contenant près de 20 000 planches), qu’il joignit à l’herbier phanérogamique pour en faire don
à la villa Thuret. La donation fut acceptée par décret du 23 juin 1879. Il abandonna, entre
autres ouvrages principaux, ceux de Jacquin, le Botanical magazine, le Botanical register, la
Flore des serres et des jardins de l’Europe, ouvrages dont la valeur commerciale représente
une fraction considérable de la somme donnée par Madame Thuret. Il est bien juste que les
savants et amateurs qui les trouvent et en peuvent user à la villa Thuret sachent à qui ils sont
redevables de ces guides presque indispensables pour la détermination des plantes du jardin.
Acquis par l’Etat, pourvu des ouvrages nécessaires aux recherches, le laboratoire de la
villa Thuret devait être mis entre les mains d’un directeur capable d’en tirer tout le parti qu’on
était en droit d’en attendre. Le choix eût peut-être présenté des difficultés, si les circonstances
n’avaient semblé au contraire le déterminer de la façon la plus évidente. Il se trouvait à ce
moment, dans le midi de la France, éloigné de Paris par son état de santé, un savant botaniste,
membre de l’Institut, Monsieur Charles Naudin, à qui l’élévation de son esprit et l’originalité
de ses recherches faisaient une place éminente dans la science. Monsieur Decaisne, professeur
au Jardin des plantes, qui connaissait et appréciait Monsieur Naudin, l’ayant eu longtemps
pour collaborateur, le proposa et le fit accepter comme directeur de la villa Thuret. On ne
pouvait souhaiter mieux. D’une part c’était mettre à la tête d’une création nouvelle un esprit
large et ouvert, capable d’en comprendre toute l’utilité et de la diriger vers son but véritable,
et de l’autre c’était donner à un des expérimentateurs les plus habiles et les plus entreprenants
de notre temps un champ d’études digne de son activité. La suite a montré combien le choixdu Ministre avait été heureux. Les relations personnelles de Monsieur Naudin avec presque
tous les jardins botaniques du monde, son assiduité à se tenir au courant de tous les progrès de
la botanique et de l’horticulture en France et à l’étranger, ont fait depuis cinq ans affluer à la
villa Thuret directement, au moins autant que par l’intermédiaire du Muséum, toutes les
espèces ou races de végétaux qui peuvent avoir un intérêt pour le midi de la France, et celles
dont l’étude peut se faire aux bords de la Méditerranée mieux que sous un autre climat. Grâce
à des dons nombreux et à de fréquents échanges, les collections n’ont pas cessé de
s’accroître ; et si la culture de quelques espèces a dû être abandonnée, celles-là ont été
remplacées par des introductions nouvelles en plus grand nombre.
Outre ses études de toute sorte sur les plantes nouvelles et ses observations
météorologiques et climatologiques, Monsieur Naudin a entrepris, depuis qu’il est à la villa
Thuret, un travail de longue haleine, qui promet d’être aussi utile pour l’Etat et pour les
particuliers qu’il est pour l’auteur hérissé de difficultés. Nous vous parlons de la révision des
Eucalyptus et de leur classification et description. A peine entrées depuis trente ans dans la
pratique des plantations forestières, ces précieuses myrtacées de l’Océanie sont actuellement
l’objet d’un engouement bien justifié. Mais, dans ce genre comme ailleurs, il y a à choisir, et
toutes les espèces ne conviennent pas également bien à tous les terrains ni à tous les emplois.
Malheureusement et en dépit des efforts les plus consciencieux, une grande confusion règne
dans la nomenclature des Eucalyptus, et cela même dans les ouvrages botaniques, qui
devraient servir de guide aux importateurs de graines et au pépiniéristes. La grande variabilité
des caractères d’une même espèce depuis le plus jeune âge jusqu’à l’âge adulte est une des
grandes causes de l’obscurité qui règne dans l’histoire de beaucoup d’eucalytus. Pour les
connaître à fond, il faut voir germer, grandir, fleurir et fructifier chaque espèce. C’est ce
travail de patience que Monsieur Naudin n’a pas craint d’entreprendre : au prix de longues
recherches en Provence et en Algérie, ainsi que par correspondance, il a réuni à la villa Thuret
environ 130 espèces ou formes distinctes d’Eucalyptus, dont une bonne partie a déjà fructifié
et dont l’étude comparative lui fournira les matériaux d’un travail qui sera aussi intéressant
pour le botaniste qu’instructif pour le planteur.
La visite que la société va faire des jardins de la villa Thuret lui montrera qu’ils
continuent à mériter leur ancienne réputation et sont toujours les plus soignés et les mieux
tenus du cap d’Antibes. Peu de propriétés, même à Cannes et à Nice, peuvent rivaliser sous ce
rapport avec la villa Thuret, et ici le directeur est grandement assisté par le jardinier en chef,
Monsieur Marchais, aussi habile semeur et multiplicateur que connaisseur consommé de la
flore provençale spontanée et introduite. Et pourtant, jusqu’à ces derniers temps, tenir le
jardin frais et vert en toutes saisons n’était pas chose aisée ; on peut dire qu’il y fallait des
prodiges de soin et d’habileté prévoyante, car en été l’eau manquait absolument et ne pouvait
être obtenue qu’à grands frais et en quantités fort insuffisantes. L’année dernière il a pu être
installé un service de distribution d’eau qui porte la fraîcheur et la fécondité dans le jardin tout
entier. On doit espérer que cette amélioration ne restera pas isolée, et qu’il pourra être fait
plus encore pour un établissement qui le mérite si bien à tous égards.
Il n’est pas possible de faire dans une après-midi, quelque bien employée qu’elle soit,
l’inventaire de toutes les richesses végétales de la villa Thuret, et la seconde partie de cette
notice, qui sera consacrée à l’énumération des principaux végétaux de l’établissement, n’en
pourra signaler que les plus remarquables. Elle est surtout destinée à renseigner ceux de nos
collègues et des lecteurs du Bulletin qui n’ont pu prendre part à la session actuelle. Quant à
ceux qui sont présents, un quart d’heure de promenade leur en apprendra plus que toutes mes
descriptions.

1 Voyez Revue des deux mondes, numéro du 15 juillet 1868, p. 280.
2 Voyez la notice biographique sur Monsieur Gustave Thuret, Annales des sciences naturelles, 6° série, 1875,
botanique t. II, p. 308.

http://www.cg06.fr/cms/cg06/upload/decouvrir-les-am/fr/files/dossier-peda-histoiredesjardins.pdf

Alphonse Karr, 1853

2010-03-06T02:12:00.000-08:00

Extrait de Promenades hors de mon jardin, 1853

C’est quand le soleil disparaît et quand on le revoit à l’horizon qu’il illumine le ciel de
ses plus belles teintes.
C’est un peu après l’hiver que les prairies s’émaillent de fleurs ; c’est un peu avant
l’hiver que les arbres se revêtent de pourpre et d’or.
Toujours après la privation, toujours un moment de perdu.
Les Niçois étaient fort embarrassés. Les gens heureux, comme les gens spirituels,
comme les gens bien portants, ne sentent ni le bonheur, ni l’esprit, ni la santé. Les habitants
de Nice voulaient sentir leur bonheur, et pour cela il fallait en user avec modération, il fallait à
tout prix se procurer un hiver. Mais où le prendre ? Dans les mois de novembre, décembre,
janvier, il y a dans les jardins des roses, des oeillets, des giroflées ; les orangers sont chargés
de fruits, les citronniers de fruits mûrs et de fleurs. Depuis cette époque s’appelle à Nice « la
belle saison ».
C’est, en effet, la saison « du passage des étrangers », qui viennent par volées s’abattre
sur cet asile, où ils se mettent à l’abri des frimas. C’est au point de vue de l’hiver, et pour
orner les divers trébuchets tendus à ces oiseaux, que le Niçois réserve toute son industrie, tous
ses efforts, c’est alors qu’on soigne, qu’on cultive les jardins.
Qu’ont-ils fait ? Ils se sont fait un hiver de l’été.
C’était hardi, mais le succès a pleinement couronné leurs efforts intelligents. Ils ont
réparé le tort qui leur avait été fait par la Providence ; ils ont déclaré n’accepter leur climat
que sous bénéfice d’inventaire et avec l’intention d’y annexer quelques perfectionnements. Ils
se sont insurgés contre la partialité de Dieu, ils ont conquis un hiver. Ils ont leur hiver comme
tout le monde.
Seulement, comme on ne peut appeler hiver une saison pleine de roses, d’oeillets et de
jasmins ; comme les mois de novembre, décembre, janvier, février, étaient pris d’avance par
une sorte de printemps ; comme mars, avril et mai voient encore des étrangers, - ils ont mis
l’hiver dans les mois de juin, juillet, août et septembre ; - ça ne fait que quatre mois, mais
qu’y faire ? Il y a des premières volées d’étrangers qui s’abattent sur Nice dès le mois
d’octobre. En attendant, on subit son hiver, - comme on lave son linge sale, - en famille.
Mai est à ses derniers jours et les jardins débordent de fleurs. Voilà le dernier étranger
parti ; il semble alors que la pièce est finie et que l’on baisse la toile. On coupe les fleurs qui
restent, on n’arrose plus, on taille très court les rosiers et les oeillets en même temps qu’on
serre le linge (la Biancheria) et l’argenterie. De l’eau à des fleurs ! Allons donc ! Nous n’en
aurions plus assez pour boire. Qui sait quand il pleuvra maintenant ! Il arrive parfois qu’un
oeillet rebelle, qu’un rosier anarchique s’avise de monter au bouton ; on le supprime en toute
hâte. Des fleurs l’été ! Pourquoi faire ? Gardez donc vos fleurs pour l’hiver. Est-ce qu’on
fleurit, l’été ? C’est commun, c’est paysan, c’est presque canaille.
Enfin, la mauvaise saison si laborieusement faite, se passe tant bien que mal, on s’est
préservé, tant qu’on l’a pu, du beau temps et des fleurs.
Le mois de septembre est fini, la belle saison revient avec le mois d’octobre. On
délivre la sève comprimée, réprimée, emprisonnée, on arrose les plantes, on leur permet de
fleurir ; bien plus, on les y engage. On sable les jardins, on ouvre les fenêtres, voilà la
mauvaise saison passée, voici l’hiver, Dieu soit loué ! Lâchez les fleurs.
Outre cet hiver général, appelé l’été par habitude, quelques habitants se font de petits
hivers particuliers, qu’ils commencent au printemps.
Par exemple, des étrangers qui habitaient une maison partent-ils dès le mois d’avril,
c’est le départ des hirondelles, c’est la mauvaise saison qui commence pour le propriétaire de
cette maison. Il plie immédiatement ses rideaux, il met les housses au jardin comme aux
fauteuils, il arrête le beau printemps comme un chef d’orchestre arrêterait ses musiciens, si le
public désertait tout à coup la salle. Le printemps ne peut pas se jouer devant les banquettes.
On coupe les thyrses des lilas qui allaient fleurir, il n’est pas rare que des lilas traités ainsi
fleurissent au mois de décembre, dans la belle saison, comme devraient toujours faire les lilas.
Quand on arrive à Nice, on croit, au premier abord, que les habitants sont de grands
amateurs de fleurs. On trouve dans les jardins de paysans et dans la campagne un grand
nombre de fleurs que nous cultivons en France avec beaucoup de soin, et souvent avec
beaucoup de peine dans nos parterres.
Ainsi des anémones doubles et simples, les hépatiques émaillent de leurs étoiles
écarlates, bleues et lilas, les versants des côtes. Les glaïeuls sont une mauvaise herbe dont on
chercherait à débarrasser les blés, si l’on était dans l’usage de sarcler. Des tulipes d’un rouge
de fer, qui, par une charmante harmonie, ont à la fois la forme et la couleur de la flamme ;
d’autres tulipes roses et blanches, des myrtes, etc., sont des plantes sauvages. Les grenadiers
et les rosiers forment des haies. Quand on parle de faire un jardin d’agrément, on dit : « il faut
ôter les orangers et les citronniers, c’est trop commun ». De loin en loin quelques palmiers se
dessinent en silhouette verte, mais ferme et nette sur le ciel limpide.
On se croit dans la situation de ce voyageur des contes arabes, qui arrive dans un pays
où les enfants jouent au palet, aux billes ou à la marelle avec des diamants, des rubis, des
émeraudes, des topazes, des améthystes, des diamants ronds ou aplatis. « Ce sont sans doute
les fils de quelque puissant roi », dit-il, et il s’incline avec respect. Les enfants se moquent de
lui, et bientôt il s’aperçoit que ces enfants ne sont que des gamins, comme les pierreries ne
sont que des cailloux de ce pays-là.
Le nombre des personnes qui s’occupent des fleurs est très restreint. Quand on a
découvert les roses, les violettes, les tubéreuses, les jasmins, le réséda, sont destinés aux
parfumeurs, cultivés par le paysan comme les choux et les tomates ; que les fleurs sont
cueillies chaque matin à peine entr’ouvertes, et que le propriétaire ou le promeneur voit
seulement celles qu’on a oubliées ou qui commencent à déplisser leurs pétales ; en un mot,
qu’il y a énormément de rosiers et peu de roses, le compte des vrais jardins n’est pas long à
faire ; faisons-le.
Quand on a cité la pittoresque villa de Saint-Vallier, appartenant à des Français,
comme l’indique surabondamment ce nom historique, où, au-dessus et au bord de la mer, on
trouve, sous un bois d’oliviers, un bosquet de camélias ; - le jardin du chevalier Lamarguerye,
Piémontais, qui a commencé à mettre à exécution l’intention d’en avoir une forêt ; - celui de
Monsieur Suziani, qui demeure, lui, dans un bois de rosiers bien choisis, dans un jardin qui a
été primitivement planté par un Français, mais qu’il enrichit chaque jour ; - ceux du comte et
de la comtesse Laurenti, qui prouvent qu’ils ont des fleurs en en donnant très généreusement ;
- le jardin Gastaud, où l’on se tient assez bien au courant des nouveautés ; - la magnifique
villa Bermond, à Saint-Etienne ; - puis, quand on a vu en passant sur la plage de la mer la
philosophique retraite pleine de roses du général Régis, et celle de Monsieur Ramorino, on
vous désigne encore deux amateurs de fleurs, un Anglais et un Français, qui, dit-on, sont fort
curieux et fort riches de belles plantes.
Tout porte à croire que Monsieur et Madame Dabbadie, l’un Américain, je crois,
l’autre Allemande, qui font bâtir un ravissant petit château sur la côte de Carabacel, ont trop
de goût pour ne pas vouloir remplir de belles fleurs le terrain qui entoure cette construction
élégante et poétique.
Un amateur distingué, mais amateur platonique, c’est le baron Prost, officier français
retiré à Nice depuis bien longtemps.
Monsieur Prost, membre de la Société d’horticulture de Paris, ayant des amis en
Angleterre, en Hollande, en Amérique et partout, en entretenant avec eux une correspondance
où l’horticulture n’est pas oubliée, demande et reçoit de belles plantes, des graines
précieuses ; mais il n’a pas le temps d’avoir un jardin. Le baron Prost s’occupe avec un égalsuccès de musique et de peinture. Depuis deux ans, il a étudié la médecine homéopathique, et
comme ses consultations sont gratuites, comme au besoin il ajoute sans augmentation de prix
les globules d’aconit ou de bryone ; c’est un des médecins les plus occupés. Notez que, doué
d’une merveilleuse facilité pour l’étude des langues, il les parle presque toutes avec une
aisance qui trompe agréablement les étrangers et leur rend sa société précieuse. On comprend
difficilement comment les vingt-quatre heures que lui donne chaque jour peuvent lui suffire
pour s’occuper encore d’observations scientifiques.
Le baron Prost n’a pas de jardin ; mais un jour la Princesse P, en se promenant l’hiver
dans son parterre, aperçoit avec admiration une plante nouvelle. De son côté, la comtesse…
trouve dans une partie déserte du sien une riche plate-bande qu’elle ne connaissait pas. On
s’informe, on questionne. On apprend qu’un homme s’est introduit clandestinement et a
planté sans rien dire ces richesses végétales : c’était le baron. On lui doit aussi l’introduction
de plusieurs belles plantes.
Une circonstance qui m’a beaucoup surpris, c’est de voir qu’au théâtre les femmes de
Nice n’ont que très rarement de fleurs, dans ce pays où ce n’est plus une flatterie
mythologique de dire qu’elles naissent sous leurs pas.
Est-ce qu’elles n’aiment pas les fleurs ? – Est-ce qu’on ne leur en donne pas ? – Est-ce
mauvais goût des hommes ? C’est une question que je n’ai pu encore résoudre. – Toujours
est-il que si vous voyez des femmes coiffées en fleurs naturelles ou portant de beaux
bouquets, vous pouvez être à peu près certain que ce sont des étrangères.
C’est ce qui explique qu’il n’y ait à Nice que trois cultivateurs de fleurs, dont deux
sont Français.
Il faut citer d’abord Monsieur Joseph Bresson, qui occupe un petit jardin et deux ou
trois serres avec ses enfants. Le père Bresson cultive avec placidité un certain nombre de
plantes auxquelles il est habitué et qui sont habituées à lui.
Il y a ensuite un nommé Marion, qui va en France chercher des plantes, et fait plus de
commission que de culture. – Je ne pense pas, du reste, qu’il doive contribuer beaucoup pour
sa part à répandre le goût des fleurs.
Mais il s’élève à Nice un établissement important, sérieux, et qui prendra d’ici à
quelque temps une des premières places dans les établissements européens destinés à
l’horticulture.
Monsieur le comte de Pierlas a consacré une très belle propriété et des capitaux
importants à la fondation de cet établissement, pour lequel il s’est associé un Français,
Monsieur Louis-Martin Joly, jardinier habile, instruit en horticulture et en beaucoup d’autres
choses, qui a acquis en peu de temps l’estime et la considération qu’il mérite.
L’établissement du Ray commence au point précis du perfectionnement où finissent
ceux qui l’ont précédé.
Ainsi on y trouve déjà des serres construites sur le plan de celles de mon célèbre ami
Van-Houtt, de Gand.
Monsieur le comte de Pierlas et Monsieur Martin Joly, ont d’abord fait venir de tous
les points les plus riches collections en tout genre, puis maintenant on multiplie, on sème et on
crée soi-même.
Ainsi, dès cette année, Monsieur Martin Joly a fait un semis de dahlias très heureux ; il
a bien voulu, en marque d’amitié, donner mon nom à un de ses grains.
Les chances d’avenir et de fortune que possède l’établissement du Ray, chances qui
doivent, habilement conduit comme il est, le porter au premier rang, consistent, selon moi, en
ceci. Le climat de Nice permet de cultiver et de multiplier à l’air libre presque toute la serre
tempérée de France, de Belgique et d’Angleterre. Ces conditions amèneront une économie
dans les frais de production qui rendra impossible, dans un temps donné, aux autres
établissements de lutter de bon marché avec lui. C’est encore un luxe qui se met à la portée de
tout le monde.
Je suis heureux de constater que les Français reconnaissent la très bonne et très
cordiale hospitalité que donne la ville de Nice à un grand nombre d’entre eux, et que, non
contents de prendre leur part des charmes de ce beau pays, ils contribuent encore à l’embellir.
Tu me demandes souvent, mon cher Léon, pourquoi je reste ici, c’est ici que je te
répondrai quand tu viendras m’y voir. Je me fie assez à ton amour intelligent de ce qui est
beau pour ne pas désespérer que tu oublies aussi de t’en aller, que tu t’acoquines dans ce pays
de printemps, et que tu remettes ton départ au lendemain, pendant une vingtaine d’années,
comme ont fait ici un certain nombre de gens qui sont venus y passer un mois, il y a quinze ou
vingt ans, et qui y sont encore.

http://www.cg06.fr/cms/cg06/upload/decouvrir-les-am/fr/files/dossier-peda-histoiredesjardins.pdf

Picture towns of Europe‎ 1931

2010-02-28T05:46:00.000-08:00

One of the chief charms of Cintra consists in the innumerable beautiful walks and drives that bring fresh interest to each day spent there. Most popular of these is the drive of a few miles to the gardens of Monserrate, that are said to be unequaled in the world. Nowhere but in the unique climate of Portugal can grow in perfection the plants and trees of the tropics and of the temperate zone as well, so in the century since Beckford ransacked the world to find specimens for these gardens, which he laid out at fabulous cost, the trees and vines, and shrubs and flowers he planted there have developed into wonderful beauty. The property is now owned by the estate of Sir Frederick Cook, who spares no money to keep and increase the splendor of the place. There are palms and bamboos; oaks and evergreens; orchids and roses; vines that are perfect sheets of strange, intense color; uncanny-looking flowers lifting their blossom of flame or lavender straight from the earth; queer trees with long, pendulous blooms of scarlet; ponds where pink and blue lilies grow; Roman benches whence are views of mountains and the passing ships at sea; and in the midst the beautiful Moorish-like house where Sir Frederick lives.
Another delightful walk takes you in the opposite direction, where there is a little pink town that seems to have strayed out one day from Cintra, and, nestling down contentedly under the mountain, never returned. Tall palms grow there, and glossy-leafed magnolias which even in midSeptember were sending out a few huge, cup-like, creamy flowers. Along the street at the mountain's foot, the houses cling to terraces covered with ivy and roses of cream and pink, led up to by the most picturesque steps imaginable. At one point the rock is hollowed out, and here a fountain fills a large basin. Around are broad stone seats, and nearby a tiny public garden, where grow more beautiful begonias than I ever saw before, even in Holland. Double shell-pink blossoms, each as large as a rose, hung in clusters of six or more, literally covering the plant. They were in endless variety, white, red and white, and deepest crimson. Then there were single ones that glowed with flame, like cadmium, and all the shades of pink and red in rare profusion.

Picture towns of Europe‎

Albert B. Osborne

SIR HERBERT COOK

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OBITUARIES

SIR HERBERT COOK - A tribute to the memory of the late Sir Herbert Cook - whose death, at the age of seventy, after a long and painful illness took place on May 4th - should on no account be absent from these columns. His ties with THE BURLINGTON MAGAZINE were close and numerous : he belonged, indeed, to the small group of art lovers through whose efforts this journal was founded thirty-six years ago ; he always remained a good friend of this magazine, a fact of which his membership of our Consultative Commottee was appropriately symbolic ; and for many years he was a frrquent and valued contributor to these pages. Having acknowledged this, we can but give a slight outline of the incessant activities which, in the days of his health, he also, in other fields, devoted to the furthering of the study of the art of the past ; particularly memorable and fruitful was his work as organizer of many loan exhibitions at the Burlington Fine Arts Club, his Catalogue of the Milanse Exihibition in 1899 remaining to this day an extremely valuable collection of material. As heir to the Doughty House collection, it is perhaps inevitable that his activities as a collector should tend to be eclipsed by those of his grandfather ; but many of his own additions to the family collection were of an importance which it is as well here to emphasize - we will only mention two of them, the Schiavona by Titian from the Crespi collection at Milan, and the Portrait of Titus as a Boy by Rembrandt, whose departure from Althorp for America was prevented by Sir Herbert's prompt action.

The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs, Vol. 74, No. 435 (Jun., 1939), p. 295

l’Alameda de los descalzos, à Lima (Pérou).

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Fig. 354. — Profil de l’Alameda de los descalzos, à Lima (Pérou).

Les avenues « en jardin », comme celles du bois de Boulogne à Paris,
rentrent dans la composition ordinaire des parcs et jardins paysagers. Toutefois je dois citer une de ces promenades, située à Lima (Pérou) et célèbre, sous le nom « d'Alameda de los descalzos, » par la beauté de ses plantations et sa vue sur la montagne des Amancaës. J'en ai relevé le profil en 1876 (fig. 354). La chaussée de promenade A, sablée, est large de 13 mètres, et bordée de deux plates-bandes d'arbres et de fleurs des tropi- ques CC, irrigués par un petit canal (acequia) en E. Des vases BB, alter- nant avec des bancs et des lampadaires, sont placés devant la plate-bande. La promenade, longue de plus de 400 mètres, est entourée d'une grille D, et devant l'entrée sont deux beaux Araucaria excelsa, de 15 mètres de hauteur.

Les plates-bandes sont plantées de : Abutilon insigne. Abutilon striatum. Aphelandra squarrosa. Calla aethiopica. Codiaeum pictum. Cordyline australis. Datura arborea. Fuchsia variés. Globba nutans. Hibiscus Rosa sinensis. Inga pulcherrinia.. Iresine Lindeni. Magnolia grandiflora. Nerium Oleander. Pancratium caribaeum. Poinsettia pulcherrima. Rosiers variés. Russelia juncea. Sanchezia nobilis. Tamarindus indica.

Cette promenade est l'une des plus belles de l'Amérique du Sud.

Édouard André, L'ART DES JARDINS, Paris, 1879, p. 640

Trithrinax brasiliensis

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Illustração Horticole: journal spécial des serres et des jardins vol. 22 (1875) p. 58-59

Pl. CCII

TRITHRINAX BRASILIENSIS, Martius

Trithrinax du Brésil

Thrinax Chuco Hort.

Ce beau palmier, qui croît au Brésil, et dont les Indiens Guarayos utilisent les gaînes épineuses pour tresser des chapeaux, se nomme Saho près de Santa-Cruz de la Serra, Utsaho chez les Guarayos, et Huaichich chez les Chiquitos. M. de Martius l'a rencontre dans le Brésil méridional, M. Weddell en Bolivie, et M. d'Orbigny près du 31e degré de latitude sud, sur le Rio-parana, en Bolivie, sous le 17e degé, croissant par bouquets et en forêts.

Indépendamment de son beau feuillage en éventail, à teintes glauques en dessous, ce Palmier brésilien offre une particularité unique : la disposition insolite des gaînes embrassantes qui accompagnent la base des frondes. Ces gaînes sont composées de fibres d'abord parallèles et longitudinales, puis obliquement entrecroisées et enfin tressées les unes avec les autres à angle droit, comme les nattes de Pandanus dans lesquelles on envoie le café des antilles et de Bourbon. Au sommet ces lanières se réunissent et forment une série d'épines robustes et très longues, recourbées brusquement en bas et destinées évidemment à protéger les fleurs et les fruits contre les incursions des animaux grimpants.

E.A. [Edouard André]

Trachycarpus fortunei

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Revue horticole: journal d'horticulture practique, 1851, p.480

Hyères Les Palmiers

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BRUGMANSIA sanguinea

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272
BRUGMANSIA sanguinea.
Dark-red Brugmansia.

Linnean Class and Order. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.
Natural Order. SOLANEAE. Brown prodr. 1. p. 443.
BRUGMANSIA. Calyx tubulosus, ventricosus, 5-angulatus, persistens, apice coarctato 2-3-lobo. Corolla infundibuliformis, 5-plicata, 5-loba: lobis cuspidatis. Stamina 5, inclusa, coarctata. Antherae conglutinatae. Stigma crassum, bilobum, margine revolutum. Capsula 2-locularis, laevis, polysperma. Semina reniformia.
Arbores (Peruviani) foliis petiolatis indivisis, floribus alaribius pedunculatis maximis albis v. sanguineis, fructibus ovalibus pendulis aureis. Genus Omninò, ut videtur, naturale inter Daturam et Solandram locum tenens. D. Don. MSS.
1. B. sanguinea, foliis sinuato-lobatis subtomentosis.
Brugmansia bicolor. Persoon syn. I. p.216. Roem. et Schult.syst. 4. p. 307. Datura sanguinea. Ruiz et Pavon ft. peruv. et chil. 2. p. 15. Kunth in Humb. et Bonpl. nov. gen. et sp. pl. 3. p. 6.
Stem arboreous, rising to the height of from 3 to 12 feet, round, divided at the top, and clothed with an ash-coloured bark. Branches short and leafy, thickly clothed with white-spreading hairs. Leaves alternate, often geminate, ovate-oblong, obtuse, waved and sinuated, with short blunt lobes, copiously clothed on both sides with soft white hairs, above of a dark green, paler beneath, reticulated and rather wrinkled with prominent veins, and furnished with a stout rounded midrib, with lateral branches from 2 to 9 inches long, and from 1 to 5 broad, the base rounded and often unequal; the uppermost entire, but slightly waved. Petioles stout, from an inch to 3 inches long, nearly cylindrical, copiously hairy, slightly flattened above. Flowers solitary, pendulous, issuing from the forks of the branches. Peduncles an inch long, and as thick as a writing quill, cylindrical, copiously clothed with white hairs. Calyx large, ventricose, 5-angled, 5-ribbed, with prominent veins, copiously pubescent, rather contracted at the top, about 3 inches long, the limb cloven with concave lobes. Corolla funnel-shaped, 7 inches long, pubescent, with 15 straight prominent ribs; tube thick and fleshy, with 5 blunt angles, orange yellow, green towards the base; faux inflated, wrinkled and pitted exteriorly ; limb 5-lobed, of a deep orange-scarlet, with the lobes cuspidate and spreading, each being furnished with 3 ribs, the two lateral of which disappear before reaching the summit. Stamens 5, closely associated round the style. Filaments cylindrical, glabrous, pale green, their bases broad, flat, attached to the tube of the corolla, and clothed with shaggy hairs. Anthers erect, half an inch long, attached by their base, cream-coloured, obtuse, with parallel connate cells. Ovarium bilocular, conical, 5-sided, white, surrounded at the base by a 5-lobed fleshy disk, the parietes thick and fleshy. Placenta 2, oblong, fleshy, attached to the partition. Style filiform, glabrous, 4 inches long. Stigma projecting, with 2 short, thick, rounded lobes, revolute at the edges.
It is peculiarly gratifying to us to have to record the first introduction to our collections of this truly splendid plant, which was raised last year at Hayes Place, Kent, the seat of Miss Traill, from seeds collected at Guayaquil, in the state of Equador, by Mr. Crawley, who sent them to his aunt Lady Gibbs, by whom they were presented to Miss Traill. One of the plants survived the winter in the open border, and this also happened to be the first to show flower, which it did in October last. The rest of the plants began to blossom soon after, and all apparently varying in the degree of intensity in colour. In cultivation the plant rarely exceeds four or five feet in height, and evidently possesses a hardier constitution than arborea. It delights in a friable rich soil, and is easily increased by cuttings. In a sheltered border with a southern aspect, we have no doubt of its flowering quite as well as if retained in the conservatory. Both species are natives of Peru, but the sanguinea is found at a much greater elevation than the other. The plant is also found in New Granada, and it has been introduced into Chili, as we have seen specimens collected at Conception by Captain Beechey and Mr. Cuming. In Peru it is called Floripondia encarnado and Campanillas encarnadas, and from the bruised leaves an ointment is prepared, which is said to possess superior healing properties, and from the fruit a highly narcotic intoxicating liquor is obtained.
Our drawing was taken from flowering specimens obligingly communicated by Miss Traill, in the beginning of November.
The genus was named by Persoon after S. J. Brugmans, Professor of Natural History in the University of Leyden.

D.Don.

1. Section of the Ovarium.

Robert Sweet
The British Flower Garden, (series the Second): Containing Coloured Figures & Descriptions of the Most Ornamental and Curious Hardy Flowering Plants; Or Those that are Somewhat Tender, but may still be cultivated in a warm border, needing only a mat, or a garden pot, placed over them in a severe frost; some will require both expedients.
Vol. III Publisher J. Ridgway, M.DCCC.XXXV (1835)

Brugmansia sanguinea

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1739
* BRUGMANSIA bicolor.
Two-coloured Brugmansia.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Nat. ord. SOLANEAE Juss. (Introduction to the Natural System of
Botany, p. 231.)

BRUGMANSIA Pers. Omnia Daturae nisi calyx persistens nec basi
circumscissilis deciduus.

B. bicolor; follis ovatis sinuato-lobatis, corollâ versicolore.
B. bicolor. Pers. Synops. 1. 216. Römer et Schultes, Syst. veg. 4. 307.
B. sanguinea. Don in Sweet's Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 272.
Datura sanguinea. Ruiz et Pavon. Fl. Peruv. 2. p. 15. Humb. et Kunth.
nov. gen. et sp.pl. Amer. vol. 3.6.

A shrubby plant, requiring exactly the same treatment
as the Brugmansia arborea, growing vigorously in the open
air in this climate during summer, but requiring protection
in winter.

It is on many accounts one of the most interesting plants
that have been yet brought from South America, for which
the public is indebted to Charles Crawley, Esq., who brought
it with him from Guayaquil in 1833. It was originally raised
in the garden of Miss Traill, and also by Lady Gibbs, of
Hayes Common near Bromley, by whom we were favoured
with the specimen now represented, and the sight of a beautiful
drawing of the flowers in the two conditions of colour.

In the Flora Peruviana, and the systematic work of Baron
Humboldt it is fully described; from their statements and
the materials we have received from Lady Gibbs, we are
enabled to draw up the following statement.
I
* So named in compliment to Brügmans a Professor of Natural History and
Botany at Leyden, who occupied himself with vegetable chemistry, and who is
said to have been the first to notice the secretions-of plants by their roots.

This remarkable plant is a native of elevated and cold
situations in the provinces of Tarma, Xauxa, Huarochesi,
Canta, and Humalies, where it grows among rubbish; it is
also found near the village of La Cruz, and on the banks
of the river Mayo, between Almaguer and Pasto in New
Grenada, where it was found by Humboldt and Bonpland,
at nearly 7000 feet above the sea. It begins to flower in
June and ceases in November. By the Peruvians it is called
Floripondio encarnado and Campanillas encarnadas; by the
Columbians Bovochevo. Its stature varies from 10 to 20 feet,
the stem being generally undivided and terminated bv a
roundish leafy head. The flowers are either a bright
yellowish orange colour, or the deep orange red of our figure;
we believe they change from the former to the latter. They
are succeeded by an oblong, smooth, yellow, pendulous
capsule, which is as much as eight inches long. The seeds,
like those of the common Stramonium, are narcotic in a high
degree. In the Temple of the Sun, in the city of Sogamoza,
there is a famous oracle, the priests of which inspire themselves
by chewing the intoxicating seeds of this plant, just as
the Pythoness at Delphi received the influence of her god
by chewing laurel leaves and inhaling a gaseous vapour.
From the fruit itself the Columbians prepare a drink called
Tonga, which when weak is merely soporific, but drank in
stronger doses produces frenzy, which can only be removed
by administering immediate draughts of cold water.

From deference to the authority of Mr. Don, we adopt the
genus Brugmansia; but we confess our inability to discover
any ground for separating it from Datura, except that its
calyx does not separate from its base, and drop off as in the
commoner species of the latter genus.
With regard to the specific name, however, we feel bound
to preserve that first given to the plant in Persoon's synopsis.
It would have been better, perhaps, had that Botanist retained
the specific name of the Flora Peruviana, although in transferring
the plant to a new genus he was by no means required
to do so; but as he did not, we cannot perceive either the
necessity or the expediency of creating a new name now;
while on the other hand the inconvenience of doing so must
be manifest to every one.

We were favoured by Miss Traill with the following
memorandum, concerning the management of the plant.

"Some of the plants were placed in the open ground
near the greenhouse; but they died down in the cold weather.
They have since sprung up and attained the height of about
three feet, and have borne leaves and flowers rather imperfectly
developed. The stove plants kept their leaves all the
winter, and are now between five and six feet high. The
plant will not flower in pots, as it has large and spreading
roots, and requires a constant supply of moisture."

Edwards's botanical register.
London :James Ridgway,1829-1847.

v. 20 (1835): Plate 1739

Brugmansia sanguinea D.Don
in Sweet, Brit. Flow. Gard. Ser. II. t. 272.
Ser. II. t. 272

LES PRINCIPAUX ENNEMIS DU CACAOYER AUX ILES DE SAN-THOME, ET DE PRINCIPE

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LES PRINCIPAUX ENNEMIS DU CACAOYER AUX ILES DE SAN-THOME, ET DE PRINCIPE. Rapport sur une Mission d 'Etude Agricole et Phytopathologique. By Henri C. Navel. Pp. 127; 53 photographic reproductions, 2 maps, and 4 coloured plates ; Svo, 10 X 6}. (Paris : Emile Larose, 1921.) The Direction of the Society of Emigration of San Thom and Principe, alarmed by the damage which was being caused to the plantations of those countries by the various enemies of the cocoa tree, despatched a Mission in 1919 to study the different affections and to suggest the best means of combating them. With this end in view, M. Henri C. Navel visited nearly all the plantations of both islands, and the material collected was determined at the National Museum of Natural History at Paris, M. Navel divides the principal enemies of cocoa into three groups : (i) Maladies which are not due to parasitic attacks, but are caused by wounds, the action of the soil and climatic conditions, the want of hygiene in planta- tions, the suppression of shade trees, bad procedure in planting, etc. ; (2) the parasitic insect enemies which attack with more virulence trees already under the influence of the maladies in the first group ; and (3) the cryptogamic parasitic enemies, of which a certain number attack plants in a good state of vegetation, whilst others are induced by the presence of the influences mentioned under the first two groups. The author points out the effect of erroneous cultivation, due to the suppression of shade in the drier districts, where the process of " piquage," a destruction of natural shade by ringing the forest trees, is commonly practised, and compares it with the conditions of growing cocoa without shade in the elevated regions, where rain falls more frequently and where the depressions in the soil are such that shelter and shade are naturally provided without the necessity of extraneous tree growth. With regard to insect pests, a species of thrips (Heliothrips rubrocinctus , Giard) is said to cause the greatest damage. This insect was introduced into the islands from Brazil and now occurs everywhere, being most prevalent in those parts where the diminution of shade trees is taking place. Various beetle and moth larvae are referred to, which attack the trunks by boring, and white ants are also mentioned as enemies. A beetle (Nistora theobromce, Labois) and a Helopeltis, identical with that found on the mainland of West Africa, attack the fruit and mark it with their puncturings, which permit of infestation by fungoid pests, leading to the destruction of the whole fruit. The author gives an illustration of Sahlbergella singular is, Hagl., which he records from the Belgian Congo and which with S. theobromce, Distant, is perhaps the worst pest on cocoa in the Gold Coast. Neither of these parasites appears to have been met with at San Thome or Principe. Several fungoid pests are dealt with, including a mildew (Phytophthora Faberi, Maubl.) which is very injurious to the fruit. The volume should be of great utility to planters and others in the West African cocoa plantations.

Borassus flabelliformis

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Szutórisz Frigyes: A növényvilág és az ember (1905)
p.179

Forêt vierge du Brésil

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Forêt vierge du Brésil, by Charles de Clarac 1819

En 1816, Charles de Clarac, savant, archéologue amateur et dessinateur de grand talent, accompagne la mission au Brésil du duc de Luxembourg.

Ambassadeur extraordinaire de Louis XVIII. Clarac dessine les éléments d’une vue de la forêt primitive qu’il complétera, à son retour en Europe, par l’étude de plantes tropicales. Sa Forêt vierge du Brésil, exposée au Salon de 1819, semble répondre aux souhaits du naturaliste Alexandre de Humboldt qui, dans l’essai sur la géographie des plantes (1805), demandait aux artistes d’aller peindre sur place la richesse prodigieuse de la végétation du Nouveau Monde.L’œuvre de Clarac a été acquise pour le département des Arts graphiques en 2004. Elle est présentée dans la salle d’actualité aux côtés de dessins illustrant la postérité de l’artiste, grâce au soutien de la Bibliothèque nationale du Brésil.

Tennessee Celeste Claflin, Lady Cook, 1922

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Tennessee Celeste Claflin, 1846-1923
CALL NUMBER: LOT 11052-5 [item] [P&P]

Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA

Photographed 1922

Myoporum parvifolium R.Br.

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Myoporum Parvifolium.
Small-leaved Myoporum.
Class and Order. Didynamia Angiospermia.

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. tubo brevi ; limbo 5-fido, subaequali. Stigma obtusum. Drupa baccata, 2 — 4-locularis. Sem. i — 2, pendula.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

MYOPORUM parvifolium ; foliis alternis clavato-linearibus ramulisque glanduloso-tuberculatis, pedunculis subbipartitis, folium subaequantibus.

MYOPORUM parvifolium; foliis alternis linearibus obtusiusculis apice nunc dentatis basi attenuatis ramulisque glandulosis, pedunculis paslim bipartilis dimidio folio longioribus, caule diffufo. Brown Prod. PL Nov. Holl. p. 516. Hort. Kew. ed. alt. 4. p. 60.

POGONIA tuberculata, aspera vel scabra Hortulanis.

This is a very pretty little shrub, with sweetist honey-scented flowers; and flowering almost the whole of the year, is a valuable ornament to our greenhouses.

Being propagated by cuttings without difficulty, it is become pretty common, though no figure of it has, we believe, been hitherto published. We have received specimens of this plant from several quarters, under the names of Pogonia tuberculata, aspera, and scabra. Our drawing was taken from a plant communicated by Messrs. Loddiges and Sons. Introduced in 1803, by Mr. Peter Good.

T. C. Claflin

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Tennessee Celeste Claflin (October 26, 1844 – January 18, 1923),
Lady Cook, Viscondessa de Montserrate

J. Gurney & Son Photographers, from the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540. LOT 13301, no. 151

[photograph taken between 1880 and 1890] She married Cook in 1885 when he was in his sixties.

Lotus Jacobaeus

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The Botanical Magazine; Or, Flower-Garden Displayed by William Curtis

79. Lotus Jacobaeus. Black-Flowered Lotus.

Class and Order:
Diadelphia Decandria.

Generic Character:
Legumen cylindricum strictum. Alae sursum longitudinaliter conniventes. Cal. tubulosus.
Specific Character and Synonyms:
LOTUS Jacobaeus leguminibus subternatis, caule herbaceo erecto, foliolis linearibus. Lin. Syst. Veg. 601.
LOTUS angustifolia, flore luteo purpurascente, infulae S. Jacobi. Comm. hort. 2. p. 165. t. 83.
No. 79

This species of Lotus has been called black-flowered, not that the flowers are absolutely black, for they are of a very rich brown inclined to purple, but because they appear so at a little distance; the light colour of the foliage contributes not a little to this appearance.

"It grows naturally in the Island of St. James; is too tender to live abroad in England, so the plants must be kept in pots, and in the winter placed in a warm airy glass cafe, but in the summer they should be placed abroad in a sheltered situation. It may be easily propagated by cuttings during the summer season, and also by seeds, but the plants which have been two or three times propagated by cuttings, seldom are fruitful." Miller's Gard. Dict.

It continues to flower during the whole of the summer; as it is very apt to die off without any apparent cause, care should be taken to have a succession of plants from seeds, if possible.

Island of St. James = S. Tiago, Cape Verde / Cabo Verde

Eugenia myrtifolia

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Eugenia myrtifolia may mean:
In the Regnum Plantae:
Eugenia myrtifolia Salisb., nom. superfl. (Magnoliophyta : Myrtaceae) = Eugenia uniflora
Eugenia myrtifolia Roxb., 1813, nom. inval. (Magnoliophyta : Myrtaceae) = Syzygium myrtifolium
Eugenia myrtifolia Sims, 1821, nom. illeg. (Magnoliophyta : Myrtaceae) = Syzygium australe or Eugenia oleaeoides
Eugenia myrtifolia Roxb., 1831, nom. illeg. (Magnoliophyta : Myrtaceae) = Syzygium myrtifolium
Eugenia myrtifolia Cambess., 1833, nom. illeg. (Magnoliophyta : Myrtaceae) = Eugenia neomyrtifolia

Eugenia myrtifolia Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 2: 490 (1832), nom. illeg.
Eugenia myrtifolia Sims, Bot. Mag. 48: t. 2230 (1821), nom. illeg.
Eugenia myrtifolia Cambess. in A.F.C.de Saint-Hilaire, Fl. Bras. Merid. 2: 367 (1833), nom. illeg.
Eugenia myrtifolia Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 353 (1796).

Banksia praemorsa Andrews

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Banksia marcescens.
Marcescent Banksia.
Plate 2803 from Volume LV of Curtis's Botanical Magazine,

Proteaceae
Banksia marcescens R.Br. [ nom. illeg. ] nom. superfl..
Brown, R. (1810) On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 10(1): 208 [tax. nov.]

basionym: Banksia praemorsa Andrews
Comment: Given under BANKSIA L.f. (nom. cons.).George, A.S. (1981) The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae). Nuytsia 3(3): 347-348
synonym of: Banksia praemorsa Andrews George, A.S. in Wilson, A.J.G. (Ed) (1999), Flora of Australia 17B: 215, Map 214
synonym of: Banksia praemorsa Andrews CHAH (2005), Australian Plant Census
synonym of: Banksia praemorsa Andrews

Sciadopitys verticillata

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Siebold/Zuccarini, Flora Japonica, 1870

The plant was first introduced to Europe by John Gould Veitch in September 1860.

James Herbert Veitch (2006 reprint). Hortus Veitchii. Caradoc Doy. pp. 51–52.

Pinus wallichiana - A.B.Jacks.

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Flora of China Illustrations vol. 4, fig. 23, 1-9
(Wu and Raven 1999).

Pinaceae - Pinus excelsa

Neerland’s plantentuin. Afbeeldingen en beschrijvingen van sierplanten voor tuin en kamer by Cornelius Antoon Jan Abraham Oudemans (editor) and others.Groningen, J.B. Wolters, 1867, volume 3 (plate 42). Chromolithograph (sheet 174 x 263 x mm).

A beautifully illustrated monthly journal about Dutch garden plants and indoor plants. Only 3 volumes were published. With extensive contributions by its editor C.A.J.A. Oudemans and C. Glijm, J.B. Groenewegen, J.H. Krelage and H. Witte. The decorative chromolithographed plates by A.J. Wendel and others lithographed by Emrik & Binger, Marriën & Amand, G. Severeyns, L. Stroobant, etc.* Jackson p. 479; Nissen BBI 1477; Stafleu & Cowan 7148.

Antiquariaat Jan Meemelink

Fascicularia bicolor ssp. bicolor

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Referring to a plant from an earlier blog :
http://jardimformoso.blogspot.com/2008/11/fascicularia-bicolor.html

Here is plate 8087 from Curtis's Botanical Magazine vol. 132, 1906. At this time it was published as Rhodostachys pitcairniifolia. This name has however been demonstrated as synonymous with

Ochagavia litoralis (Phil.) Zizka, Trumpler & Zöllner, Willdenowia 32: 340 (2002).

Ochagavia has red or pink petals. The plant illustrated above obviously has blue petals and is in fact a Fasicularia. It is a plant that is widely grown in mild European gardens. The muddle was sorted out by the same authors in the NEW PLANTSMAN of December 1997. The plant in the illustraion is Fascicularia bicolor ssp. bicolor.

Hardy Species of Eucalyptus, 1889

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Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information (Royal Gardens, Kew), Vol. 1889, No. 27 (1889), pp. 61-62

It is well known that some species of Eucalyptus are hardy in certain districts in this country, but the ordinary Blue Gum, E. Globulus is only sparingly so. We have recently received from Mr. Abbott, Superintendent of the Botanic Gardens at Hobart Town, Tasmania, a small quantity of seed of this species collected from trees growing at high altitudes and exposed to severe frosts. Seeds were also recived of E. coccifera from trees which were coated with icicles a foot long." It is probable that plants raised from seed of such hardy forms would likely bear with impunity the rigours of an English winter. The seed received has all been sown and the results will be duly noted later. In the meantime the following extract from a letter received from Mr. Abbott will be read with interest : -

In the same package I put a little seed of Eucalyptus Globulus from Tullochgorum, a part of the Colony where the winters are severe, and on that account the plants raised from the seed forwarded are likely to withstand an amount of cold that would kill the ordinary form, at all events it is so here, as all attempts to introduce the plants into the district from the southern parts of the island failed, the cold proving too severe. Eventually a few isolated plants of E. Globulus were found growing in a sheltered gully some 20 miles from Tullochgorum. These were the only plants of the species that have been found growing naturally in so cold a climate, and plants raised from these trees were planted about Tullochgorum, and grew into large trees ..."

Rhexia glandulosa Bertol.

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Aimé Bonpland, Description des plantes rares cultivées à Malmaison et à Navarre . Vol. I

OBSERVATIONS

Le Rhexia glandulosa est, ainsi que le Rhexia pendulifolia, originaire de la Guyane. Cette nouvelle espèce n'a aucun rapport avec celles qui sont déja connues; semée à la même époque que le Rhexia pendulifolia, elle a fleuri um mois plus tard, c'est-à-dire, en avril; mais ses fleurs ont été d'une plus longue durée que celles du Rhexia pendulifolia. Cette nouvelle espèce ne s'est pas élevée dans les serres à plus d'un pied (3 decimètres). Elle étoit rameuse dès sa base et garnie de feuilles très petites. Ses fleurs, très-analogues à celles du Leptospermum juniperinum, sont remarquables por deux corps glanduleux qui se trouveent placies au sommet et sur les côtés des filets.

Il est extrémement difficile de cultiver les Mélastomacées dans nos serres, et de les conserver. Les graines de ces plantes, nouvellement arrivé de l'Amerique et des Indes, lèvent assez facilement; mais ; mais les jeunes plantes périssont [?] bientôt. Pendant cinq années de suite que j'ai fait semer des graines Mélastomacées avec le plus grand soin, je n'en ai pu sauver que trois espèces, qui sont le Rhexia pendulifolia, figuré à la planche XXVI de cet ouvrage; le Rhexia glandulosa, à la planche XXVII; et le Melastoma malabathrica, qui n'a que deux ans de semis, et n'a pas encore fleuri. Les autres espèces de cet order qui se cultivent à Malmaison sont le Melastoma elaeagnoides et le Cymosa. Ce dernier, par son fruit supère et capsulaire, doit être rapporté au genre Rhexia.

Rhexia glandulosa Bonpl., Descr. Pl. Malmaison 70. t. 27. 1815

Stifftia chrysantha

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STIFFTIA CHRYSANTHA.
Golden-flowered Stifftia.

Few cultivators have seen native specimens or the fine figure given by Mikan of this beautiful shrub, without feeling desirous to possess it in our stoves. It has been longer in our collections than we were aware of. Many years ago, plants of it were presented to Kew by Mr. Henderson of the Pine-Apple Nursery; and plants have been also communicated to the Edinburgh Botanic Garden; yet no one suspected that it was the celebrated Stifftia till its flowers appeared, nearly at the same time, both in Edinburgh and Kew. Our drawing was made from the Edinburgh specimen, kindly sent in February, 1849, by Professor Balfour, with the following notes. W. J. H.

" This plant has been flowering for some time in the Edinburgh Botanic Garden. It is a native of Brazil, and was derived, I believe, originally from Kew. It is cultivated in a warm stove.

Descr. The plant is at present almost six feet high (according to Mikan it attains a height of eight to ten feet) and has six heads of very showy flowers. The woody stem is four inches and a half in circumference at the base, and the bark is rough. The primary branches come off in a somewhat dichotomous manner. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, alternate, shortly petiolate, entire, smooth and shining, having a single mid-rib, which is slightly penninerved both on the under and on the upper surface; venation reticulated, primary veins ending in curved veins within the margin. Petiole slightly grooved on its upper surface, articulated with the stem. Capitula solitary, terminal on the young branches, homogamous, containing about twenty-five discoid flowers. Peduncles short, thickened upwards, having small scales. Involucre somewhat turbinate, coriaceous, having thirty to forty imbricated scales arranged in several series, closely appressed in the young state, spreading after the corolla falls; scales green in the centre, paler towards the margins which are fringed with short hairs; outer scales short, ovate, obtuse, often tipped with black, intermediate scales longer and less ovate, innermost oblong-linear, pale greenish, and about one inch in length. Receptacle having milky juice, nearly flat, marked with hexagonal spaces, in the centre of each of which there is a depression or pit for the flower. Corolla smooth, regular, tubular, about one inch and three-quarters long, of a pale orange colour below and becoming darker above, its limb divided into five narrow, revolute circinnate segments, which when unrolled are about half an inch long. Filaments smooth, coloured, inserted into the upper part of the corolline tube, alternating with the segments of the limb, arching over the orifice of the tube to join the anther below the middle; anthers two-lobed, much exserted, bifid at the apex, ending below in a bipartite prolongation ; pollen elliptical, furrowed. Style cylindrical, exserted nearly one inch beyond the corolla and about a quarter of an inch beyond the antheric tube, undulated at its lower part, straight above. Stigma bifid, its segments equal, acute, hairy on the inner side of its lobes, which close on the application of the pollen. Ovary green, triangular, three-quarters of an inch long, with a short yellowish beak at the summit whence the pappus proceeds. Pappus reaching to near the upper part of the corolline tube, in several rows, its hairs unequal and beautifully serrated with projecting cellular processes, of a pale orange colour, spreading much after the corolla falls." J. H. Balfour.

Cult. This is a shrub of a robust and bushy habit, requiring the heat of the tropical stove, and growing in any kind of garden loam not retentive of moisture. Although we have had it in cultivation for about eight years, it was only recently that it showed flower ; but we are of opinion that if young plants were vigorously grown, they would not be so dilatory in producing their curious inflorescence. It is propagated readily by cuttings placed under a bell-glass in bottom-heat. J.S.

Fig. 1. Single flower:—magnified.

April 1st, 1849

Curtis's botanical magazine, Volume 75

Table 4438

Macrozamia Denisonii

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Macrozamia denisonii C. Moore & F. Muell., in F. Muell., Fragm. 1: 41 (1858).

Alexander Macleay (1767 - 1818)

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Born in Ross-shire, the son of the Deputy-Lieutenant of Caithness, 24 th June, 1767. Died at Sydney 18 th June, 1848.

Fellow 1794, and Secretary, 1798 -1825, of the Linnean Society. Fellow of the Royal Society 1809. Colonial Secretary of New South Wales 1825-37, and first Speaker of the Legislative Council 1843-46, and First President of the Australian Museum at Sydney, founded in 1836. His name was given by Robert Brown to the genus Macleaya, (Bocconia), belonging to the poppy family.

There is a silhouette drawn on paper and a bust, profile to the right, in the Hooker Collection. There is also a line engraving by Charles Fox, after a painting by Sir Thomas Lawrence, P.R.A., belonging to the Linnean Society; to the waist, seated, clean shaven face, three-quarters to the right There is a copy of this in the rooms of the Linnean Society of New South Wales.

A distinguished entomologist and "a practical botanist." (R.Brown, Proc . Linn. .Soc. ii, 45). See also. The Sydney Botanic Garden was under his official care in the early days and owes much to him. An admirable account of him from the pen of Mr. J. J. Fletcher will be found in the Macleay Memorial volume (Sydney 1893), in honour of his nephew, Sir William Macleay.

He is commemorated in
Anopterus macleayanus F.v.M.
Catakidozamia macleayi Hill
Macrozamia macleayi Hort.
Leichhardtia macleayana Sheph.= Octoclinis macleayana , F.v.M.;
Frenela macleayana Parlat.= Callitris macleayana , F.v.M.

Source: Maiden, J.H. (1908) Records of Australian botanists- (a) General, (b) New South Wales. Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Soiciety of New South Wales for 1908 . 42:60-132

Thunbergia grandiflora Bot Mag 2366

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Native of Bengal, growing in uncultivated places, in the neighbourhood of Calcutta, and flowering in the rainy season. Requires to be kept in the stove. May be propagated by cuttings.
Our drawing of this beautiful plant was taken at Haringay House, the seat of Edward Gray, Esq. in whose stove it grows luxuriantly, and flowers freely.

Curtis's botanical magazine, or, flower-garden displayed: in ..., Volume 50, 1823

Thunbergia grandiflora

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222 THUNBERGIA GRANDIFLORA.
(large-flowered Thunbergia.)

CLASS: DIDYNAMIA.

ORDER: ANGIOSPERMIA.
NATURAL ORDER: ACANTHACEAE.

Generic Character.— Vide vol. iii. p. 28.

Specific Character.—Plant sub-shrubby, climbing, perennial. Stems woody, with the young shoots a little hairy, and slightly quadrangular. Leaves opposite, petiolate, spreading, angularly cordate, with five or seven nerves, somewhat roughened on both sides by small, white hairs. Petioles erect, nearly as long as the leaves, smaller towards the base. Peduncles axillary, one-flowered. Calyx two-valved, about as long as the throat of the corolla, with no interior segments. Corolla campanulate, very large, pale blue ; limb five-parted, lobes nearly round, two upper ones erect, throe lower spreading.

Like the fine species of Blandfordia depicted in a previous page of this Number, the noble Thunbergia, to which attention is now more immediately invited, has had to sustain for a time the contumely of the fanciful, to make room for numbers of the far less worthy acquisitions of modern collectors. But whether it be because the favourite of one day, though discarded the next, is, if possessing any decided claims to regard, almost certain to be reinstalled at some subsequent period, or whether, as we would fain believe, the public taste is becoming less fickle, and more in accordance with staid principles ; we are pleased to see the subject of these strictures again making its way to popular esteem, and attaining that place in a collection of stove plants which it so well deserves.

Within the last five years we can remember observing this plant, with a most miserable aspect, in nursery and other establishments, cramped into a small pot, almost smothered by larger specimens, and exclaimed against as a species which hardly ever blossomed; the truth of the matter being that it never had any opportunity of making other than the most slender shoots, which, not being able to arrive at maturity from the circumstances amidst which they were formed, did not, of course, develop any flowers. Such, indeed, is very generally the case with stove-plants that are called shy bloomers ; the cultivator's bad treatment and not the constitution of the plant, being the cause of the defect. Thus, it is always found, when the specimens decried are placed in those conditions which are evidently essential to their proliferousness, they commence flowering most profusely, and continue to do the same while a similar system of management lasts.

Having examined, with some care, plants of T. grandiflora which bloom
abundantly, and others on which a single blossom is rarely to be witnessed, it is
obvious to us that the two states are brought about solely by attention or inattention
to some very trifling particulars. First, it should be potted in a compost with
some pretensions' to be called rich, but not of an extremely nutritive description.
Two parts of maiden loam, and the remainder of heath-soil, leaf-mould, and sand,
will, if mixed, constitute an excellent material. Next, the pot to which it is
transferred must be exactly of the size suited to its wants, and neither so large as
to leave more than three quarters of an inch between the roots and its edge, nor so
small as to check the extension of the rootlets, unless the specimen be too exuberant.
Lastly, each plant ought to have an open space of at least half a foot on all sides of
it, that the influence of the external aerial agents may be duly received, and that
it may not relapse into a weakly state, with long, sickly branches, bare towards
the bottom.

The best mode of training for the attainment of these ends is to a small round trellis of either wood or wire, around which the shoots can be fastened in such a manner as not to grow higher than four or five feet from the stage. In the summer months this species needs watering with great liberality, and syringing rather forcibly three or four times in a week. Throughout the winter, however, it is to be kept much drier, and suffered to stand on a wooden or stone surface.

Our drawing of this splendid plant was made in the nursery of Messrs. Henderson, Pine-Apple Place, whose recent culture of stove plants, and the spirited manner in which they have constructed houses for their reception, are much to be commended. It is an East Indian species, described by Dr. Roxburgh as growing " among bushes in wild uncultivated spots near Calcutta, where it flowers in the rainy season." With us it blooms freely through several of the autumnal months.

Cuttings of the young wood, taken off in spring, and placed in sandy loam, plunging the pots in heating bark or manure, and protecting the whole by a handglass, will strike root with tolerable freedom.

Paxton's magazine of botany, and register of flowering plants, Volume 7 , 1840, p. 221

Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl.

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Thunbergia laurifolia. Lindl. in Gardeners' Chron. 1856, p. 260.

Two very striking new kinds of Thunbergia (of the same group with Th. grandiflora, Roxb.) have lately appeared in our gardens, both having a certain affinity, especially in the size and colouring of the corolla. The one we have now the pleasure of figuring: the other, much more beautiful than the present, will shortly form the subject of another plate. That now before us was first raised at Frogmore Gardens from seeds presented to Mr. Ingram by an officer, who brought or procured it from the Malayan peninsula,—we presume so, at least, from the fact of our having since received and raised seeds of the same plant from Dr. Thomson, of the Calcutta Botanic Garden, collected in that region. These have produced fine flowering plants with us; but our drawing was taken from Mr. Ingram's plant. The name was given by Dr. Lindley, in the ' Gardeners' Chronicle,' above quoted, to specimens from Frogmore, which were exhibited at the rooms of the Horticultural Society of London in 1856. It is a plant of rather rapid growth, and flourishes in the stove, either trained against a back wall or beneath a rafter,—flowering at various seasons of the year, not unfrequently in early spring; and is really a striking object.

Descr. A climbing much-branching shrub, with the younger branches terete and green, glabrous. Leaves opposite, long petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, entire, or sometimes a little toothed, three-nerved, reticulated with transverse nerves. Petioles two to three inches and more long, slender, remarkable for being incrassated both at the apex and at the base; at the apex the thickened portion is nearly terete; at the base the incrassation extends for a greater length, and is flattened or plane on the upper side, and even slightly winged. Raceme of flowers, both axillary and terminal, sometimes bearing a few flowers, and destitute of leaves; at other times the raceme consists of whorled flowers, with a pair of opposite leaves at the base, which are smaller than those of the stem. Bracteas of two vaginant leaves or large scales, resembling a spatha, open and free at the lower edge, adherent by the upper margin, faintly striated; this embraces the lower gibbous portion of the tube of the corolla. Calyx very small, cup-shaped, dotted. Corolla very large, pale blue, with a yellowish eye. Tube obliquely funnel-shaped, wide at the mouth. Limb very large, spreading, five-lobed; lobes rotundate, deeply emarginate, almost bifid. Stamens quite included, inserted near the base of the tube of the corolla. Filaments broad, subulate, curved. Anthers oblong, apiculate, fringed in front, and having two subulate spurs at the base. Ovary subglobose, sunk in a fleshy disc or cup, crenate at its edge. Style long, but included within the tube of the corolla; stigma bifid; each lobe channelled within.

Fig. 1. Stamens, including the pistil. 2. Calyx, cupular disc, and pistil:— magnified.

Curtis's botanical magazine, Volume 85 tab. 4985, 1857

Ruellia baikiei

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TAB. 5111

STEPHANOPHYSUM Baikiei.

Dr. Baikies Stephanophysum.

Nat. Ord. Acanthaceae.—Didynamia Gymnospermia.

Gen. Char. Calyx 5 -partitus, laciniis angustis sequalibus. Corolla tubo brevi, faucibus in plerisque campanulato-inflatis deorsum ventricosis aliis ovalibus oblongisve aequalibus; limbi laciniis brevibus aequalibus erectis (v. magis minusve patentibus). Stamina 4, didynama, faucibus inserta, corollam plerumque aequantia; filamenta per paria basi connata; anthera biloculares, loculis parallelis, lineares, basi sagittatae, demum recurvse. Stigma bilabiatum, labiis planis acuminatis, superiore breviore. Capsula a basi ad medium contracta, elocularis, hinc bilocularis, 4-12-sperma. Semina plana, orbiculata, retinaculis fulcrata.—Herbse Americae (et Africae) tropica, foliis plus minus dentatis (v. integerrimis). Cymse umbellares, laterales, pedunculata, 4-flda, abortu bifidae, raidiis bifidis, bracteis parvis subulatis, bracteolis nullis: abortu evadunt pedunculi uniflori, sub flore bibracteati, vel flores terminales, aggregati, subracemosi, pedicellis ebracteatis. Corolla digitaliformis, coccinea. Nees in De Cand.

Stephanophysum Baikiei; suffrutex ? glaber, ramis 4-angulatis, foliis ovatolanceolatis acuminatis integerrimis basi in petiolum longum attenuatis, panicula composita terminali multiflora, calyce piloso-glanduloso, corollis elongatis infundibuliformi-tubulosis curvatis lateraliter compressis basi angusto-attenuatis medio subventricoso, laciniis patenti-recurvis, glandula hypogyna magna cupuliformi carnosa, antherse loculis basi brevi-calcaratis.

One of the many highly interesting plants lately sent home from the present Niger Expedition by its successful Commander Dr. Baikie, and collected by the indefatigable naturalist, Mr. Barter. Seeds accompanied the dried specimens, and these have germinated, and the plants flowered in great beauty during the winter months of 1858—9. The structure is in every essential particular so much of that of Stephanophysum, Pohl (of which however the thirteen species described by Nees are all South American), that I can have no hesitation in referring the plants to that genus.

Descr. Our plant is between two and three feet high, herbaceous at present, but will probably prove to be suffruticose, erect, branched with opposite, square or tetragonous, erecto-patent branches. Leaves in opposite pairs, sometimes nearly a span long, including the petiole, ovato-lanceolate, submembranaceous, entire, penniveined, acuminate, attenuated at the base. Panicle terminal, with copious bracts and bracteoles, and composed of many-flowered opposite racemes or spikes. Flowers opposite, sessile. Calyx cut nearly to the base into five, narrow, erect, linear-subulate, glanduloso-pilose segments. Corolla more than two inches long, scarlet, tubuloso-infundibuliform, curved, very slender and much tapering at the base, inflated or ventricose in the middle, the five triangular lobes of the limb patent and even recurved. Stamens included within the tube. Anthers with a small spur at the base of each cell. Ovary sunk into a large, fleshy, cup-shaped disc. Ovules about four in each cell.

Fig. 1. Calyx, including the pistil. 2. Stamens. 3. Two-celled anthers. 4. Ovary surrounded at the base by the cup-like fleshy disc:—magnified.

Stephanophysum baikiei Hook.
Bot. Mag. 85: t. 5111. 1859
Acanthaceae

Currently accepted name:

Ruellia baikiei ( Hook. ) N.E.Br.
Suppl. Johnson's Gard. Dict.: 999 (1882)

Aphelexis spectabilis grandiflora

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Aphelexis spectabilis grandiflora : exposée par M. H. Colyer, dans la grande exhibition de Juin dernier de la société d'horticulture à Chiswick.

Flore des serres et des jardins de l'Europe: annales générales d'horticulture, Volume 7, L. Van Houtte., 1852, p. 118

477. Exemplaires modèles d'Aphelexis spectabilis grandiflora, de Camarotis purpurea et de Brassavola nodosa

On peut, sans être taxé d'anglomanie, avouer que l'horticulture britannique excelle dans l'art de former les plantes en magnifiques exemplaires. A cet égard, mieux vaudrait cent fois s'efforcer de rivaliser avec nos voisins, que d'aller leur demander à prix d'or les éléments de triomphes faciles sur notre propre terrain. Combien ne voit-on pas, en effet, dans mainte exposition d'horticulture, de ces produits prétendus du crû, qui portent dans le vase même qui les renferme le certificat de leur origine anglaise! Combien de geais que le bon public prend pour des paons, mais dont le faux plumage ne trompe pas l'œil des malins! Combien de Bruyères.... mais là-dessus, motus. Stimulons plutôt l'émulation par des exemples:

1° Aphelexis spectabilis grandiflora : exposée par M. H. Colyer, dans la grande exhibition de Juin dernier de la société d'horticulture à Chiswick. On connaît l'éclat de cette belle Immortelle (Hélichrysée) : qu'on juge de son effet en aussie manifique touffe fleurie

vignette extrait du Gardener's Magazine of Bot. rédigé par MM. Moore, Henrey etc.

Grown at Monserrate under name of Aphelexis spectabilis this plant is now known as Helichrysum humile Less. The Monserrate plant would have been a selected form with larger purple flowers also known as APHELEXIS macrantha purpurea.

Aphelexis humilis

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APHELEXIS HUMILIS.
(Humble Aphelexis.)

Class SYNGENESIA.

Order.SUPERFLUA.
Natural Order. ASTERACEAE. (Composites, Veg. King.)

Generic Character.— Capitulum many-flowered. Florets of the ray female, arranged in several rows, each with a spreading limb. Florets of the disk hermaphrodite. Receptacle paleaceous. Pappus setaceous.

Specific Character— Plant an evergreen shrub, about two feet in height. Branches numerous, slender, spreading, covered with a white tomentum. Leaves subulate, erect, imbricated. Peduncles scaly, single-flowered. Flowers rose-coloured.

This good old inhabitant of our greenhouses was introduced from the Cape of Good Hope, so long ago as 1810, and has always been a favourite amongst cultivators.

The beautiful flowers, which only expand during sunshine, are produced in great profusion in May and June, and are of a rich rose-colour. The habit of the plant is dwarf and spreading, and as the management is not difficult, it has for some years past, since cultivation has been well understood, held a place amongst first class subjects in all our Horticultural exhibitions.

Aphelexis Humilis Macrantha, Large-flowered Dwarf Aphelexis.—This is a very striking variety of the above, which was raised from seeds a few years ago, and, with a similar habit, has larger and more conspicuous flowers.

The soil in which these plants grow best is sandy peat, and it is advisable in potting to elevate them a little in the centre of the pots. Good drainage, also, is indispensable, and a judicious supply of water, especially during the winter season, which should be rather scanty than otherwise.

Cuttings strike readily, planted in pots of sand, and placed under a glass in a moderately cool part of the propagating house, where they will not receive too much moisture.

Our drawing was made in the garden at Brookland Park, Blackheath, in May, 1846.
The generic name is derived from apheles, simple, and exis, habit; habit and construction of the plants.

Paxton's magazine of botany, and register of flowering plants, Volume 15, 1849, p.269

Asteraceae

Aphelexis macrantha Paxton
Fl. Mag. xv. 269.
xv. 269 0
Original Data:
Notes: =Helichrysum humile

Helichrysum humile

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Helichrysum humile

Dianella caerulea Sims

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This plant is a native of New Holland, and we believe was first raised in this country from seeds from Port Jackson, about the year 1783, by our much respected friend, the late Mr. Cuff, of Teddington, a gentleman of great zeal and assiduity in cultivating plants and promoting the science of Botany, to vhose liberality the Brompton Botanic Garden is indebted for this and many other scarce and beautiful plants.

It succeeds well in the greenhouse, begins flowering about the month of May, and continues in blossom during the greatest part of the summer. Is readily increased by parting its roots in the spring, and should be planted in pots filled with loam and peat earth.

The Chevalier de la Marck. has given the name of Dianella nemorosa to the Dracaena ensifolia of Linnaeus, with which this plant has confiderable affinity, but is certainly a distinct species. The Dianella nemorosa of Jacquin, figured in his Hort. Schoenb. t. 94. appears to be different from both.

We have adopted the name by which it is known in those collections about town which possess it.—We hope to take another opportunity of saying something more on this genus as distinguished from Dracana.

Botanical Magazine 15: , t.505. 1801.

Grown at Monserrate 1861 together with another undentified species of the same genus from South Australia

Baeckea virgata

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(2127)

BAECKEA VIRGATA. TWIGGY BAECKEA

Class and Order.

Pentandria (Octandria. Smith.) Monogynia:

Generic Character.

Cal. infundibuliformis, 5-dentatus. Cor. 5-petala, Caps. 3—s. 4-locularis, polysperma, calyce tecta.

Specific Character and Synonyms.
Baekea virgata ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis pellucido-punctatis, pedunculis axillaribus umbelliferis. Bot. Repos. 598.
Baeckea virgata. Hort. Kew. Epit.
Leptospermum virgatum ; foliis oppositis lineari-lanceolatis. Forst. Gen. p. 48. Sweet Hort. suburban, p. 81.

Descr. Leaves opposite, crowded, linear-lanceolate ; faintly
three-nerved, dotted with pellucid glands. Peduncles axillary.
bearing a few-flowered umbel. Calyx superior, 5-toothed,
teeth distant, coloured. Cor. 5-petalled : petals roundish,
with a long narrow claw. Stamens from five to ten, shorter
than the claw of the petal, inserted at the base of the calycine
teeth. Five or ten appears to us the natural number,
but in the flowers we examined, the number was generally
five ; sometimes six, being two stamens to one of the calycine
teeth, and only one to the other four. Our specimen flowered
in the middle of December ; perhaps in a warmer season
there would have been two stamens to each of the teeth.
Filaments short, incurved, terminated with a gland, which
gives to the anthers the appearance of being 3-lobed ; but as
the gland soon dries up, to observe this the examination must
be made before the flower is expanded. The Germen is at
first concave at the crown, but afterward» becomes flat and
enlarged.
ВAEСKЕА, LEPTOSPERMUM, and FABRICIA, are very nearly allied, and all belong to the natural order of Myrti Indeed, except in the number of stamens, which seems also to be inconstant, we do not find any difference between this species and Leptospermum. With the Chinese species we have had no opportunity of comparing it. In our account of Fabricia laevigata, (vide No. 1304) by an error of the press, the Class is said to be Hexandria instead of Icosandria.

Native of New South Wales. Requires only to be protected from frost. Flowers from September to the end of December. Communicated by Mr. Lee, of the Hammersmith, Nursery.

Curtis's botanical magazine, or, flower-garden displayed: in which the most ornamental foreign plants, cultivated in the open ground, the green-house, and the stove, are accurately represented in their natural colours ...,

Table 2127, Volume 47, 1820

Grown at Monserrate 1861.

Harmogia virgata ( J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. ) Schauer

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A plant was grown under this name at Monserrate in 1861. It was sent there by Sir William J. Hooker at Kew who in one of his many writings on Australian Plants : Hooker's journal of botany and Kew garden miscellany, Volume 8, p. 67, equates this species with Camphyromyrtus pluriflor F. Muell.; "leaves spreading, lanceolate-linear or oblong-lanceolate, acutish, awnless, with flat, perfectly entire margin; peduncles generally three-flowered. HABITAT On the banks of the Tambo, on the Snowy River, and on several of its tributaries."

So the plant was collected in south-eastern Australia. This is significant in determining the true identity of the plant once grown in Monserrate. Modern nomenclature for Harmogia virgata is generally given as Baeckea virgata which under revision in the 1990's by Tony Bean of the Queensland Herbarium was changed to Babingtonia virgata. This species according to this author is however restricted to New Caledonia. Australian plants previously known as Baeckea virgata were assigned to one of 8 species:

Babingtonia angusta
Babingtonia bidwillii
Babingtonia brachypoda
Babingtonia collina
Babingtonia crassa
Babingtonia papillosa
Babingtonia pluriflora
Babingtonia similis

The Monserrate Harmogia virgata belongs therefore to one of the above!

See the ANPSA Blog Gumnuts for more detail and source.

So which of the Babingtonias comes from the banks of the Tambo?

Going back to Mueller:
George Bentham, Ferdinand von Mueller Flora australiensis: Myrtaceæ to Composita p.81
Baeckea - SECTION IV HARMOGIA

22. B. virgata, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 598. Usually tall erect and loosely branched, attaining 10 to 12 ft., rarely low and diffuse. Leaves from linear-lanceolate to narrow-oblong, flat and often 1- or 3-nerved, usually acute and half to 1 in. long, but in some specimens all under half in. long, and occasionally some or nearly all obtuse both in the short- and long-leaved forms. Flowers small in the upper axils, usually several together in a loose umbel, on a common peduncle of 2 to 4 lines, the pedicels varying from 1 to 3 lines. Calyx-tube turbinate, at length hemispherical, about 1and a half lines diameter; lobes short and broad, the midrib more or less produced into a conical point or protuberance. Petals about 1 and a half lines diameter. Stamens 5 to 15, none opposite the centre of the petals ; filaments filiform ; anthers didymous, the cells globular, furrowed, opening in short slits; connective thickened into a gland almost as long as the cells. Ovary 3-celled, with 15 to 20 ovules in each cell round a peltate placenta. Capsule nearly flat-topped. Seeds usually angular. Embryo with the slender inflected end very short, with 2 small ovate cotyledons.—DC. Prod. iii. 229 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2127 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 341; Colla, Hort. Ripul. t. 6; F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 69 ; Leptospermum virgatum, Forst. Char. Gen. 48; Melaleuca virgata. Linn. fil. Suppl. 343; Harmogia virgata, Schau. in Linnaea, xvii. 238; Camphoromyrlus pluriflora, F. Muell. in Trans. Vict. Inst. i. 123 ; Harmogia umbellata, F. Muell. Fragrm. ii. 31 ; Baeckea umbellata, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 69; Babingtonia virgata, F. Muell. Fragm. iv. 74.

N. Australia. Sandstone precipices, Victoria river, rare, F. Mueller.
Queensland. Bidwill; Upper Brisbane river, F. Mueller ; Moreton Bay, C. Stuart; Pine river, Fitzalan ; Rockhampton, Dallachy.
N. S. Wales. Grose and Hawkesbury rivers, R. Brown ; Blue Mountains, A. Cunningham ; northward to Macleay river, Beckler.
Victoria. On the Snowy and Tambo rivers, F. Mueller.

This species is also in New Caledonia ...."

Bean lists only one species as located at Tambo, Victoria, perhaps this Baeckea utilis is the Monserrate plant?

A revision of Baeckea (Myrtaceae) in eastern
Australia, Malesia and south-east Asia
A.R. Bean
Telopea 7(3): 1997

10. Baeckea utilis F.Muell. ex Miq., Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 150 (1856).

p. 263
Victoria: Midlands: Worragee, 12 km NNE of Beechworth, Johnson 7, 16 Aug 1989 (MEL). Eastern
Highlands: 0.4 km east of Back Creek junction, Forbes SJF239, 7 Jan 1980 (MEL, NSW); c. 9 km E of
Mt Little Tambo, c. 0.5 km NE from junction of Currawong road and McDougall Spur track, Davies
595 et al., 10 Nov 1988 (CANB, MEL, NSW). Snowfields: Bogong Range, Brooker 5534, Feb 1977
(CANB); W side of Bogong High Plains road, 25.6 km ESE of Falls Creek, Jobson 4119, Feb 1996
(BRI, CANB, MEL); near Native Cat track, c. 40 km E of Benambra, Bean 9441 & Jobson, Dec 1995
(BRI, MEL); Buffalo Plateau, Collier 2425, 21 Apr 1987 (HO). East Gippsland: Bendock area,
Delegate River, Gunmark road, Paris s.n., 1 Jan 1982 (MEL, NSW); Maramingo Creek swamp, 7 km
E of Genoa, Bean 9419 & Jobson, Dec 1995 (BRI, CANB, MEL, NSW).

Indigofera decora

2010-01-15T13:35:00.000-08:00

Indigofera decora. Lindl. in Journ. of Hort. Soc. v. 1. p. 68. Bot. Reg. p. 32. t. 22.

A most lovely and ornamental greenhouse plant, by no means so generally seen in our collections as it deserves to be; a native of China, and cultivated in the gardens of Shanghai, whence Mr. Fortune introduced it to the Horticultural Society of London. It flowers early in the season, and a cool greenhouse is rendered quite gay with its blossoms, which are of a lively pink and rose-colour, arranged in long, erect racemes; add to which the leaves are pinnated and of the most delicate green.

Curtis's Botanical Magazine
Tab. 5063
Vol. 84,
July 1st 1858

Grown at Monserrate in 1861